Age and source of different forms of carbon released from boreal peatland streams during spring snowmelt in E. Finland

Billett, Michael F.; Garnett, Mark H.; Dinsmore, Kerry J.; Dyson, Kirstie E.; Harvey, Frank; Thomson, Amanda; Piirainen, Sirpa; Kortelainen, Pirkko

doi:10.1007/s10533-011-9645-4

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For their drained and undrained catchment pair in Finland, Billett et al . [] tentatively ascribed lower DO 14 C values in the drained catchment to a greater input of fresh DOC (i.e., material with a comparatively low 14 C value, close to the current atmospheric 14 CO 2 levels of around 105% modern). This was based on the assumption (as in Raymond et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Data for two of the Finnish sites formed part of a study by Billett et al . [], which extended over the full snowmelt season; in this case we selected the final set of samples, collected under late spring low flow conditions on 31 May, as being most closely analogous to the data collected elsewhere. The Czech sites comprise small continental‐raised bogs in the Šumava (Bohemian Forest) and Ore Mountains.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Contrasting vulnerability of drained tropical and high‐latitude peatlands to fluvial loss of stored carbon

Evans

Page

Jones

et al. 2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon sequestration and storage in peatlands rely on consistently high water tables. Anthropogenic pressures including drainage, burning, land conversion for agriculture, timber, and biofuel production, cause loss of peat-forming vegetation and exposure of previously anaerobic peat to aerobic decomposition. This can shift peatlands from net CO 2 sinks to large CO 2 sources, releasing carbon held for millennia. Peatlands also export significant quantities of carbon via fluvial pathways, mainly as dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We analyzed radiocarbon ( 14 C) levels of DOC in drainage water from multiple peatlands in Europe and Southeast Asia, to infer differences in the age of carbon lost from intact and drained systems. In most cases, drainage led to increased release of older carbon from the peat profile but with marked differences related to peat type. Very low DOC-14 C levels in runoff from drained tropical peatlands indicate loss of very old (centuries to millennia) stored peat carbon. High-latitude peatlands appear more resilient to drainage; 14 C measurements from UK blanket bogs suggest that exported DOC remains young (<50 years) despite drainage. Boreal and temperate fens and raised bogs in Finland and the Czech Republic showed intermediate sensitivity. We attribute observed differences to physical and climatic differences between peatlands, in particular, hydraulic conductivity and temperature, as well as the extent of disturbance associated with drainage, notably land use changes in the tropics. Data from the UK Peak District, an area where air pollution and intensive land management have triggered Sphagnum loss and peat erosion, suggest that additional anthropogenic pressures may trigger fluvial loss of much older (>500 year) carbon in high-latitude systems. Rewetting at least partially offsets drainage effects on DOC age.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting vulnerability of drained tropical and high‐latitude peatlands to fluvial loss of stored carbon

Evans

Page

Jones

et al. 2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…were observed in streams draining temperate and subarctic peatlands [ Billett et al , , ; Garnett et al , ; Leith et al , ]. These findings have been challenged by other studies on headwater streams that showed the dominance of DOC sources from recently fixed carbon [ Benner et al , ; Billett et al, ; Evans et al , ; Longworth et al , ; Lu et al , ; Neff et al , ; Palmer et al , ; Tipping et al , ]. These examples show that carbon ages in streams may be variable and that further correlations with export rates and determinations of source and sink terms are necessary.…”

Section: Carbon Isotope Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of CO₂ and associated carbon dynamics in headwater streams: A global perspective

Marx

Dušek

Jankovec

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

272

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Terrestrial carbon export via inland aquatic systems is a key process in the global carbon cycle. It includes loss of carbon to the atmosphere via outgassing from rivers, lakes, or reservoirs and carbon fixation in the water column as well as in sediments. This review focuses on headwater streams that are important because their stream biogeochemistry directly reflects carbon input from soils and groundwaters. Major drivers of carbon dioxide partial pressures (pCO2) in streams and mechanisms of terrestrial dissolved inorganic, organic and particulate organic carbon (DIC, DOC, and POC) influxes are summarized in this work. Our analysis indicates that the global river average pCO2 of 3100 ppmV is more often exceeded by contributions from small streams when compared to rivers with larger catchments (> 500 km2). Because of their large proportion in global river networks (> 96% of the total number of streams), headwaters contribute large—but still poorly quantified—amounts of CO2 to the atmosphere. Conservative estimates imply that globally 36% (i.e., 0.93 Pg C yr−1) of total CO2 outgassing from rivers and streams originate from headwaters. We also discuss challenges in determination of CO2 sources, concentrations, and fluxes. To overcome uncertainties of CO2 sources and its outgassing from headwater streams on the global scale, new investigations are needed that should include groundwater data. Such studies would also benefit from applications of integral CO2 outgassing isotope approaches and multiscale geophysical imaging techniques.

show abstract

“…Undisturbed peatlands are presently a consistent sink of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) (Roulet, 2000), a source of methane (CH 4 ), approximately 10% of the global CH 4 sources (Roulet, 2000;Mikaloff Fletcher et al, 2004) and at the same time sources of particulate and dissolved organic carbon to the nearby watershed landscape (Billett et al, 2004(Billett et al, , 2011(Billett et al, , 2012. However, if peatlands were destabilized by climate warming, land use change, or other disturbances (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cooling or warming role of peatlands depends on their carbon balance under intensified global change and anthropogenic activities (Moore et al, 1998;Limpens et al, 2008). For a very long time most of studies about carbon dynamics have been focused on boreal and subarctic peatlands (Gorham, 1991;Moore et al, 1998;Turunen et al, 2002;Roulet et al, 2007;Billett et al, 2011;Yu, 2012), though during the last decade carbon dynamics of tropical peatlands have also become an issue of global importance (Page et al, 2002(Page et al, , 2011Jauhiainen et al, 2012;Lähteenoja et al, 2012). However, there is limited data about carbon dynamics of alpine peatlands, like peatlands on the QinghaieTibetan Plateau (QTP), which are sensitive to climate change and human disturbance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carbon stock of alpine peatlands on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene and their future fate

Chen

Yang

Peng

et al. 2014

Quaternary Science Reviews

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Age and source of different forms of carbon released from boreal peatland streams during spring snowmelt in E. Finland

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Contrasting vulnerability of drained tropical and high‐latitude peatlands to fluvial loss of stored carbon

Contrasting vulnerability of drained tropical and high‐latitude peatlands to fluvial loss of stored carbon

A review of CO₂ and associated carbon dynamics in headwater streams: A global perspective

The carbon stock of alpine peatlands on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene and their future fate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Age and source of different forms of carbon released from boreal peatland streams during spring snowmelt in E. Finland

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Contrasting vulnerability of drained tropical and high‐latitude peatlands to fluvial loss of stored carbon

Contrasting vulnerability of drained tropical and high‐latitude peatlands to fluvial loss of stored carbon

A review of CO2 and associated carbon dynamics in headwater streams: A global perspective

The carbon stock of alpine peatlands on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau during the Holocene and their future fate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

A review of CO₂ and associated carbon dynamics in headwater streams: A global perspective