2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109765
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Age and the aging process significantly alter the small bowel microbiome

Abstract: Highlights d Duodenal microbiome diversity decreases and coliforms increase in older subjects d Prevalence of phylum Proteobacteria and anaerobes increase in older subjects d Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, and Escherichia increase with chronological age alone d Klebsiella increases with medication use and Clostridium with number of conditions

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Cited by 91 publications
(73 citation statements)
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“…In the HT− group, Firmicutes remained the most prevalent phylum, but Proteobacteria was the second most prevalent, and Actinobacteria was decreased to the 3rd most prevalent, and Bacteroidetes to the 5th most prevalent. These findings are consistent with our previous finding that the duodenal relative abundance of Proteobacteria increases, and Bacteroidetes decreases, with increasing age 46 . In contrast, the core duodenal microbiome profile in the HT+ group was far more similar to the RA group, with lower prevalence of Proteobacteria and increased prevalence of Bacteroidetes than in the HT− group, which may suggest that HT preserves the duodenal microbiome despite increasing age.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
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“…In the HT− group, Firmicutes remained the most prevalent phylum, but Proteobacteria was the second most prevalent, and Actinobacteria was decreased to the 3rd most prevalent, and Bacteroidetes to the 5th most prevalent. These findings are consistent with our previous finding that the duodenal relative abundance of Proteobacteria increases, and Bacteroidetes decreases, with increasing age 46 . In contrast, the core duodenal microbiome profile in the HT+ group was far more similar to the RA group, with lower prevalence of Proteobacteria and increased prevalence of Bacteroidetes than in the HT− group, which may suggest that HT preserves the duodenal microbiome despite increasing age.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…Reduced microbial diversity is associated with increased dysbiosis, 47,48 and is a hallmark of many gut-related diseases and conditions 49,50 . We have previously shown that duodenal microbial diversity is decreased in conditions such as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, 43 and with increasing age 46 . In this study, we found that following menopause, duodenal microbial diversity was decreased in the HT− group when compared with the RA group.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 48%
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“…Human ND etiologies are quite intricate, involving longterm manifold metabolic disorders, gut microbiota alteration, gene mutation, and various hereditary factors, whereas most mouse model etiologies rely on gene editing or medical injection, which might lead to inconsistent pathogenic processes (24,(193)(194)(195)(196)(197)(198)(199)(200)(201). Third, studies have demonstrated that microbiota altered with aging; yet, no evidence is available to confirm whether the altered microflora is healthy, unhealthy, stable, or vulnerable (10,15,22,113,202). Construction of a standard ND patient fecal microbiota bank can revolutionize the analysis of fecal microbiota through a noninvasive ND diagnostic approach.…”
Section: Controversies and Perspectivesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, the mucous in the luminal microbiome harbours Gram negative bacteria, including Gram negative species from phylum Proteobacteria which we have consistently found to be disruptors of the small intestinal luminal microbiome 31 33 , but the viscosity of this mucus has been a barrier to fully characterizing luminal microbial populations. We recently developed and validated techniques to optimize DNA yields and 16S rRNA gene sequencing for small intestinal luminal aspirates that break down this mucus, rendering its microbial content more accessible 34 , and have used these in a series of studies to characterize changes in the small intestinal microbiome in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) 31 , with age and the aging process 32 , and with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use 35 , amongst others.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%