Age and the metabolic syndrome affect salivary cortisol rhythm: data from a community sample

Abstract

Objective: Measurement of cortisol levels in saliva is a marker of free hormone. How salivary cortisol rhythm is affected by age, gender, the metabolic syndrome and estrogen-progestin therapy was evaluated in a community sample of adults. SubjectS and MetHOdS: One hundred twenty volunteers recruited from the Hospital staff and family members of the endocrinology unit were instructed to collect 7 salivary samples: the first on awakening ( . according to the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, the most important factor affecting F 14 value was age (p=0.001). auc F0àF14 was not influenced by gender, age, metabolic syndrome or estrogen-progestin therapy. cOncluSiOnS: While it did not affect the daily cortisol rate, late-night salivary cortisol levels were found to be increased in the subjects in the higher age tertile and in those with the metabolic syndrome.

Decrease in salivary cortisol levels after glucocorticoid dose reduction in patients with adrenal insufficiency: A prospective proof‐of‐concept study

“…As depicted in Figure 2B healthy group of subjects (considered as the upper limit of normality). 25 In four of these patients, after the dosage reduction, daily cortisol exposure (AUC Fa→Fb ) normalized, and the salivary cortisol daily profile was closer to the physiological circadian rhythm. Although a protocol with an increased number of salivary samples could be able to detect all the cortisol fluctuations, both cost-effectiveness in clinical practice and patients' compliance to protocol are crucial, 30 therefore reducing the number of samples would increase protocol adherence.…”

“…The median BSA in our cohort of patients was 1.7 m 2 : considering the estimated daily physiological cortisol production (9‐11 mg/m 2 ), the amount of GC replacement therapy in our cohort should be 15‐19 mg per day (which is similar to the median dose at the end of the observation therapy). As depicted in Figure B, several patients with AI were over‐treated at baseline, comparing their AUC Fa→Fb at baseline and the 90th percentile of the AUC Fa→Fb calculated in a healthy group of subjects (considered as the upper limit of normality) . In four of these patients, after the dosage reduction, daily cortisol exposure (AUC Fa→Fb ) normalized, and the salivary cortisol daily profile was closer to the physiological circadian rhythm.…”

“…As a control group, we considered a cohort of 120 healthy subjects (69 females, mean age 43 ± 20 years), none of whom showed any clinical signs of hypercortisolism or AI, were taking drugs that could interfere with the pituitary-adrenal axis or had a clinical history of adrenal incidentaloma or liver/renal failure. 25 The Ethics Committee of Padova University-Hospital approved the study protocol and all patients gave written informed consent.…”

Diagnostic value of daily fluctuations in the free form of testosterone and cortisol in men with obesity and metabolic syndrome under the age of 50 years

“…Схожие результаты отмечались в недавних иссле-дованиях, проведенных в Корее и Италии, где у обсле-дованных пациентов с МС выявлялось повышение уровня ночного кортизола в слюне без нарушения его суточной секреции [15,16]. При объединении 3 групп (см.…”

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“…However, more data are required to confirm this phenomenon. Whilst TT decreases with age, a coincident age-related increase in TC [157] and sal-C [21] occur which would therefore lower the T:C ratio, more so in saliva, where SHBG further compromises this relationship. However, this is yet unconfirmed.…”