Age-associated cognitive decline

Deary, Ian J.; Corley, Janie; Gow, Alan J.; Harris, Sarah E.; Houlihan, Lorna M.; Marioni, Riccardo E.; Penke, Lars; Rafnsson, Snorri Björn; Starr, John M.

doi:10.1093/bmb/ldp033

Cited by 1,012 publications

(747 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Hypoperfusion, through various mechanisms, has been proposed as a probable candidate for structural and functional brain changes,34, 43, 44 most likely through reduced cardiac output for systolic dysfunction. Further research is required to clarify the causative role of diastolic dysfunction; however, it has recently been associated with the development and progression of white matter lesions, relating to heightened risks of cognitive decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Brain Structure and Function: Findings From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study

Park

Williams

Chaturvedi

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundSubclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction has been inconsistently associated with early cognitive impairment, and mechanistic pathways have been poorly considered. We investigated the cross‐sectional relationship between LV dysfunction and structural/functional measures of the brain and explored the role of potential mechanisms.Method and ResultsA total of 1338 individuals (69±6 years) from the Southall and Brent Revisited study underwent echocardiography for systolic (tissue Doppler imaging peak systolic wave) and diastolic (left atrial diameter) assessment. Cognitive function was assessed and total and hippocampal brain volumes were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Global LV function was assessed by circulating N‐terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide. The role of potential mechanistic pathways of arterial stiffness, atherosclerosis, microvascular disease, and inflammation were explored. After adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity, lower systolic function was associated with lower total brain (beta±standard error, 14.9±3.2 cm3; P<0.0001) and hippocampal volumes (0.05±0.02 cm3, P=0.01). Reduced diastolic function was associated with poorer working memory (−0.21±0.07, P=0.004) and fluency scores (−0.18±0.08, P=0.02). Reduced global LV function was associated with smaller hippocampal volume (−0.10±0.03 cm3, P=0.004) and adverse visual memory (−0.076±0.03, P=0.02) and processing speed (0.063±0.02, P=0.006) scores. Separate adjustment for concomitant cardiovascular risk factors attenuated associations with hippocampal volume and fluency only. Further adjustment for the alternative pathways of microvascular disease or arterial stiffness attenuated the relationship between global LV function and visual memory.ConclusionsIn a community‐based sample of older people, measures of LV function were associated with structural/functional measures of the brain. These associations were not wholly explained by concomitant risk factors or potential mechanistic pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Brain Structure and Function: Findings From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study

Park

Williams

Chaturvedi

et al. 2017

JAHA

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“…In contemporary aging populations, age-associated cognitive decline presents one of the greatest challenges faced by individuals, families, and society (Deary et al, 2009). Improving understanding of life-course influences on cognitive function is therefore important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aging is associated with declines in cognitive functioning, but there is considerable heterogeneity between individuals in this process, most probably reflecting a range of environmental and behavioral influences over the life course as well as genetic influences (Deary et al, 2009). In this study, we examine whether one domain of major significance in most people's lives-fertility history-is associated with level and change in cognitive functioning in later life.…”

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confidence: 99%

Fertility History and Cognition in Later Life.

Read

Grundy

2015

International Journal of Epidemiology

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“…The rate of ageing varies across species and is genetically based (Bowen and Atwood 2004). In humans, the ageing phenotype is characterized by hearing loss, visual impairment (Roth 2015), wrinkles and other skin conditions (Yosipovitch et al 2007), a steady decline in many cognitive processes (Deary et al 2009), a decrease in sex and growth hormones (Masternak and Bartke 2012), and increased inflammation (Starr et al 2009). The elderly are the fastest-growing segment of the population, and it is estimated that by 2050, there will be two billion people over the age 60 and they will outnumber the children (Glatt et al 2007).…”

Section: Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and related consequences to ageing

Jura

Kozak

2016

AGE

344

224

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Obesity has become a major public health problem. Given the current increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of obesity also raises steadily among older age groups. The increase in life expectancy is often accompanied with additional years of susceptibility to chronic ill health associated with obesity in the elderly. Both obesity and ageing are conditions leading to serious health problems and increased risk for disease and death. Ageing is associated with an increase in abdominal obesity, a major contributor to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Obesity in the elderly is thus a serious concern and comprehension of the key mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases has become a necessary matter. Here, we aimed to identify similarities underlying mechanisms related to both obesity and ageing. We bring together evidence that age-related changes in body fat distribution and metabolism might be key factors of a vicious cycle that can accelerate the ageing process and onset of age-related diseases.

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Age-associated cognitive decline

Cited by 1,012 publications

References 41 publications

Associations Between Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Brain Structure and Function: Findings From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study

Associations Between Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Brain Structure and Function: Findings From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study

Fertility History and Cognition in Later Life.

Obesity and related consequences to ageing

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