Age at Diagnosis of Preinvasive and Invasive Cervical Neoplasia in South Africa

Abstract

Our data support the hypothesis of a shorter preinvasive stage in HIV-positive women.

Unique Human Papillomavirus-Type Distribution in South African Women With Invasive Cervical Cancer and the Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

“…2 The prevalence of HIV infections was higher in this study (25.8%) than the reported prevalence by van Bogaert (13.6%), 2 but similar to the South African sub-group (27.6%) reported by Denny et al 4 …”

Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention for HIV-Infected Women in the Developing World

“…A recent mathematical modeling simulation projected that, compared with no ART and no screening, the lifetime cumulative risk of dying from ICC approximately doubled with ART and no screening; however, screening even when done once, had the potential to reduce ICC mortality (Atashili et al 2011) When ICC does develop in the setting of HIV, it tends to occur at younger ages and with less immunosuppression as compared with HIV-positive women with other AIDS-indicator conditions. Women with HIV and cervical cancer also tend to be 10-15 years younger than HIV-negative women with cervical cancer (Lomalisa 2000;van Bogaert 2011). HIV-positive women with invasive cervical cancer may present at more advanced stages (especially with CD4 <200/mm 3 ), may metastasize to unusual locations (e.g., psoas muscle, clitoris, meningeal involvement), have poorer responses to standard therapy, and have higher recurrences and death rates, as well as shorter intervals to recurrence or death, compared with HIV-negative women of similar stage (Klevens 1996;Maiman 1990).…”

Biopsy‐diagnosed female genital schistosomiasis in rural Limpopo, South Africa

“…The mean age at diagnosis of cervical cancer (regardless of HIV status) was 43.4 ±10.3 years (range, 16-56 years). In the present study, women with cervical cancer were approximately 15 years younger at diagnosis than those with invasive cervical cancer who were HIV seronegative and Schistosoma free in all other reports from Sub-Saharan Africa [8].…”