Age at introduction of complementary food and physical growth from 2 to 9 months in rural Senegal

Simondon, Kirsten; Simondon, François

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600470

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…According to this reference, Tibetan children were offered complementary foods so early, mainly cereals such as Zanba and porridge. Studies suggested that earlier complementary feeding seemed not to improve younger child growth and nutritional status significantly compared with exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (Cohen et al, 1994;Haider et al, 1996;Simondon & Simondon, 1997;Dewey et al, 1998Dewey et al, , 1999, but might decrease intake of breast milk and increase risk of morbidity such as gastrointestinal infection (Brown et al, 1989;Popkin et al, 1990;Oddy et al, 1999;Hornell et al, 2001). However, there have been not evaluation of effect of early introduction of Zanba on Tibetan child nutrition and health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding practice among younger Tibetan children living at high altitudes

et al. 2005

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Objective: Few published data are available on the feeding practice of younger children in Tibet. Our study investigated feeding pattern of younger Tibetan children. Design and subjects: The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in Tibet. A sample of 1655 children younger than 36 months old and their mothers was obtained by stratified multistage cluster random sampling method. Mothers were interviewed to collect information on feeding practice by a designed family questionnaire including initial time and duration of breastfeeding and time, frequency and types of complementary foods introduced. Results: Most of the children was ever or being breastfed at the time of interview. The median duration of breastfeeding was 26 months. The prevalence of almost exclusive breastfeeding for 4 months was 20.1%. Mothers' age and education, child's residence, and introduction of egg, fresh milk and milk powder were strongly associated with the duration of breastfeeding. The partial feeding was a main pattern in the first 6 months of life. Zanban and porridge were offered at about 1 month after birth. By 6th month, less than 25% of children were fed protein foods such as egg and meats and only near 20% of children were fed fresh vegetables. Bean products, fish and chicken were seldom offered to children. Conclusions: We conclude that although they were breastfed for long time, complementary feeding practice of Tibetan children was disadvantaged, especially of rural children. Improvement of monotonous complementary foods and timely introduction should be stressed in local programmatic nutritional interventions. IntroductionMalnutrition is still a public health problem in China. The food and nutrition survey of China in 1998 showed that Chinese children under 5 y had 10% of underweight and 27% of stunting. The figures for rural children were 13 and 27%, respectively (National Working Committee on Children and Women, 2001). Among Tibetan children younger than 3 y old, the distributions of height for age and weight for age shifted downward compared with WHO/NCHS reference. The prevalence of underweight and stunting was 23.7 and 39%, respectively, and malnutrition increased rapidly after 3 months old and reached a peak in second years after birth, which suggested to consider the effect of specific environmental factors on growth pattern such as feeding practice (Dang et al, 2004). Unfortunately, few published information on feeding practice of Tibetan children could be available now. We try to provide a basic description and analysis on feeding practice of younger Tibetan children including breastfeeding and introduction of complementary foods using data from a baseline health survey in Tibet. Kuramoto, Tokushima, Japan. E-mail: dangshaonong@yahoo.com.cn Guarantor: H Yan. Contributors: SD was involved in the preparation of the research protocol, field management, collection and analysis of data and manuscript writing. HY was responsible for the design of research and sampling, field management and preparation of protocol. SY...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding practice among younger Tibetan children living at high altitudes

et al. 2005

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“…One study in rural Senegal reported similar findings that infants complemented at 2-3 months of age had significantly lower length for age and weight for length. 28 However, one intervention study in Honduras did not find growth differences between children introduced to CFs at 4 and 6 months of age. 7 We inferred that these controversial findings might be partly because of the maternal breast-feeding performance and the quality and safety of CFs.…”

Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 96%

Inappropriate Feeding Behavior: One of the Important Causes of Malnutrition in 6- to 36-Month-Old Children in Myanmar

Zhao¹,

Gao²,

Li³

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The complementary feeding period is an important time for children's growth and development. This study was conducted to 1) determine the feeding behaviors of 6-to 36-month-old children in Myanmar, 2) explore health effects of feeding behaviors, and 3) determine factors associated with feeding behaviors. A total of 807 children and their mothers (N = 642) were recruited from nine villages in Kachin, Shan, and Kokang, Myanmar. Feeding behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics were investigated using a validated questionnaire. Hemoglobin and anthropometric indicators were measured during the fieldwork. In our sample, 18.6%, 72.7%, and 9.8% of children were introduced to complementary foods (CFs) earlier than 4 months of age, between 4 and 8 months of age, and later than 8 months of age, respectively. For different types of CFs, up to the age of 24.1-36 months, there were still 6.5% and 4.1% of the children who had never been introduced to eggs and meat. Introduction of CFs earlier than 4 months of age was a risk factor for being underweight (age-adjusted odds ratio (OR adjust-age ) = 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.5) and for stunting (OR adjust-age = 1.6, 95% CI = 1

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“…Our analyses also indicate that the use of other foods during this period was not associated with any differences in growth, although children who were fed more complementary foods had higher rates of diarrhea. Other longitudinal studies have also shown either no difference in growth or a negative association between complementary feeding and growth from 4 to 6 months (Kusin et al, 1991;Martines et al, 1994;Simondon & Simondon, 1997;Zumrawi et al, 1987).…”

Section: Growth Predictors Of Ghanaian Infantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Predictors of growth from 1 to 18 months among breast-fed Ghanaian infants

et al. 2000

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Objective: To examine factors associated with the physical growth of breast-fed Ghanaian infants during the ®rst 18 months of life. Design: A community-based longitudinal study. Setting: The study was carried out in Techiman, a district capital and major food trading center in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. Subjects: One-month old infants n 216 with birth weight ! 2X5 kg were recruited from Maternal and Child Health Centers. Method: From 6 to 12 months, infants were provided with one of four types of nutritionally enhanced complementary foods. Anthropometric assessments were completed monthly from 1 to 12 months and every other month from 12 to 18 months. Information was collected on household characteristics, morbidity from common infections and dietary intakes. Blood samples were collected at 6 and 12 months to assess iron, zinc, ribo¯avin and vitamin A status. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with growth during the age intervals of 1 ± 6, 4 ± 6, 6 ± 12 and 12 ± 18 months as well as size attained at 12 and 18 months. Results: Prevalence of diarrhea and fever were negatively associated with growth during the ®rst year of life. No signi®cant relationship was found between respiratory illness (de®ned as cough or purulent nasal discharge) and growth. With the exception of dietary zinc intake, dietary variables were generally not signi®cantly associated with growth. Maternal education was positively associated with growth during most of the age intervals. Conclusion: These ®ndings suggest that interventions to reduce morbidity and improve the education of girls may bene®t children's growth in this population.

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Age at introduction of complementary food and physical growth from 2 to 9 months in rural Senegal

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Feeding practice among younger Tibetan children living at high altitudes

Feeding practice among younger Tibetan children living at high altitudes

Inappropriate Feeding Behavior: One of the Important Causes of Malnutrition in 6- to 36-Month-Old Children in Myanmar

Predictors of growth from 1 to 18 months among breast-fed Ghanaian infants

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