Age at maturity of Mediterranean marine fishes

Tsikliras, Athanassios C.; Στεργίου, Κωνσταντίνος Ι.

doi:10.12681/mms.659

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Age at maturity was defined as the age at which 50% of the population is mature. Values for age at maturity were taken from Tsikliras and Stergiou (2015) for seven species while other values were retrieved from species-specific references. Likewise, lifespan values were taken from (Tsikliras and Stergiou, 2015) for six species and completed with specific references.…”

Section: Life History Traits Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Values for age at maturity were taken from Tsikliras and Stergiou (2015) for seven species while other values were retrieved from species-specific references. Likewise, lifespan values were taken from (Tsikliras and Stergiou, 2015) for six species and completed with specific references. Finally, 7 adult lifespan was defined as Lif espan − Age at M aturity (Waples et al, 2013).…”

Section: Life History Traits Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-specific survivorship and fecundity shape genetic diversity in marine fishes

Barry

Broquet

Gagnaire

2020

Preprint

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Genetic diversity varies among species due to a range of eco-evolutionary processes that are not fully understood. The neutral theory predicts that the amount of variation in the genome sequence between different individuals of the same species should increase with its effective population size (Ne). In real populations, multiple factors that modulate the variance in reproductive success among individuals cause Ne to differ from the total number of individuals (N). Among these, age-specific mortality and fecundity rates are known to have a direct impact on the ratio. However, the extent to which vital rates account for differences in genetic diversity among species remains unknown. Here, we addressed this question by comparing genome-wide genetic diversity across 16 marine fish species with similar geographic distributions but contrasted lifespan and age-specific survivorship and fecundity curves. We sequenced the whole genome of 300 individuals to high coverage and assessed their genome-wide heterozygosity with a reference-free approach. Individual genome-wide heterozygosity varied from 0.2 to 1.4%, and adult lifespan was by far the most significant predictor of genetic diversity, with a large negative effect (slope = −0.089 per additionnal year of lifespan) that was further increased when brooding species providing intense parental care were removed from the dataset (slope = −0.129 per additionnal year of lifespan). Using published vital rates for each species, we showed that the ratio only generated by life tables predict the observed differences in genetic diversity among species. We further found that the extent of reduction in with increasing adult lifespan is particularly strong under Type III survivorship curves (high juvenile and low adult mortality) and increasing fecundity with age, which is typical of marine fish. Our study highlights the importance of vital rates in the evolution of genetic diversity within species in nature.Author SummaryUnderstanding how and why genetic diversity varies across species has important implications for evolutionary and conservation biology. Although genomics has vastly improved our ability to document intraspecific DNA sequence variation at the genome level, the range and determinants of genetic diversity remain partially understood. At a broad taxonomic scale in eukaryotes, the main determinants of diversity are reproductive strategies distributed along a trade-off between the quantity and the size of offspring, which likely affect the long-term effective population size. Long-lived species also tend to show lower genetic diversity, a result which has however not been reported by comparative studies of genetic diversity at lower taxonomic scales. Here, we compared genetic diversity across 16 European marine fish species showing marked differences in longevity. Adult lifespan was the best predictor of genetic diversity, with genome-wide average heterozygosity ranging from 0.2% in the black anglerfish to 1.4% in the European pilchard. Using life tables summarizing age-specific mortality and fecundity rates for each species, we showed that the variance in lifetime reproductive success resulting from age structure, iteroparity and overlapping generations can predict the range of observed differences in genetic diversity among marine fish species. We then used computer simulations to explore how combinations of vital rates characterizing different life histories affect the relationship between adult lifespan and genetic diversity. We found that marine fishes that display high juvenile but low adult mortality, and increasing fecundity with age, are typically expected to show reduced genetic diversity with increased adult lifespan. However, the impact of adult lifespan vanished using bird and mammal-like vital rates. Our study shows that variance in lifetime reproductive success can have a major impact on a species’ genetic diversity and explains why this effect varies widely across taxonomic groups.

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Section: Life History Traits Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Life History Traits Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific survivorship and fecundity shape genetic diversity in marine fishes

Barry

Broquet

Gagnaire

2020

Preprint

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“…examined was fast compared to most fishes. For example, mean age and lengths at maturity of Mediterranean Actinopterygii were 2.2 years and 20.7 cm, respectively, with maximum maturity at 12 years in Epinephelus marginatus (Tsikliras & Stergiou, 2015 ) and 223.5 cm in Xiphias gladius (Tsikliras & Stergiou, 2014 ). The ability for Trimma to rapidly mature in 74.1–82.1 days at 15.2–15.8 mm allows them to complete reproduction despite extremely short life spans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life‐history constraints, short adult life span and reproductive strategies in coral reef gobies of the genus Trimma

Goldsworthy

Srinivasan

Smallhorn‐West

et al. 2022

Journal of Fish Biology

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Body size influences many life‐history traits, with small‐bodied animals tending to have short life spans, high mortality and greater reproductive effort early in life. In this study, the authors investigated the life‐history traits and reproductive strategies of three small‐bodied coral reef gobies of the genus Trimma: Trimma benjamini, Trimma capostriatum and Trimma yanoi. The authors found all Trimma species studied attained a small body size of <25 mm, had a short life span of <140 days and experienced high estimated daily mortality of 3.0%–6.7%. Furthermore, the pelagic larval phase accounted for 25.3%–28.5% of the maximum life span, and maturation occurred between 74.1 and 82.1 days at 15.2–15.8 mm, leaving only 35%–43% of the total life span as a reproductively viable adult. All mature individuals had gonad structures consistent with bidirectional sex change, with bisexual gonads including both ovarian and testicular portions separated by a thin wall of connective tissue. In the female and male phases, only ovaries or testes were mature, whereas gonadal tissue of the non‐active sex remained. One T. benjamini individual and one T. yanoi individual had ovarian and testicular tissue active simultaneously. The results of this study highlight the life‐history challenges small CRFs face on their path to reproduction and reproductive strategies that could be beneficial in fishes with high and unpredictable mortality and short reproductive life spans.

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“…information not published in international journal articles but included in technical reports, national and international conference proceedings and dissertations. These review articles covered the feeding habits and trophic levels [ 8 , 9 ], onset and duration of spawning [ 10 ], length [ 11 ] and age at maturity [ 12 ], growth [ 13 , 14 ] and fecundity [ 15 ] of Mediterranean marine fishes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gap analysis on the biology of Mediterranean marine fishes

2017

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We estimated the current level of knowledge concerning several biological characteristics of the Mediterranean marine fishes by carrying out a gap analysis based on information extracted from the literature, aiming to identify research trends and future needs in the field of Mediterranean fish biology that can be used in stock assessments, ecosystem modeling and fisheries management. Based on the datasets that emerged from the literature review, there is no information on any biological characteristic for 43% (n = 310) of the Mediterranean fish species, whereas for an additional 15% (n = 109) of them there is information about just one characteristic. The gap between current and desired knowledge (defined here as having information on most biological characteristics for at least half of the Mediterranean marine fishes) is smaller in length-weight relationships, which have been studied for 43% of the species, followed by spawning (39%), diet (29%), growth (25%), maturity (24%), lifespan (19%) and fecundity (17%). The gap is larger in natural mortality for which information is very scarce (8%). European hake (Merluccius merluccius), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), annular seabream (Diplodus annularis), common pandora (Pagellus erythrinus), European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus) and bogue (Boops boops) were the most studied species, while sharks and rays were among the least studied ones. Only 25 species were fully studied, i.e. there was available information on all their biological characteristics. The knowledge gaps per characteristic varied among the western, central and eastern Mediterranean subregions. The number of available records per species was positively related to total landings, while no relationship emerged with its maximum reported length, trophic level and commercial value. Future research priorities that should be focused on less studied species (e.g. sharks and rays) and mortality/fecundity instead of length-weight relationships, as well as the economy of scientific sampling (using the entire catch to acquire data on as many biological characteristics as possible) are discussed.

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Age at maturity of Mediterranean marine fishes

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Age-specific survivorship and fecundity shape genetic diversity in marine fishes

Age-specific survivorship and fecundity shape genetic diversity in marine fishes

Life‐history constraints, short adult life span and reproductive strategies in coral reef gobies of the genus Trimma

Gap analysis on the biology of Mediterranean marine fishes

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