Age determination from the internal structure of the humerus

Schranz, D

doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330170403

Cited by 40 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The first radiographic investigations of the trabecular bone were performed by Todd [11] who analyzed the pubic bone. Other bones have been investigated: the proximal epiphysis of the humerus [12], and the proximal epiphysis of the femur [13] used alone as the age indicator or combined with other bones [14]. X-rays of the clavicle and the calcaneus, together with the femur and the humerus, were investigated by Walker and Lovejoy [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic age estimation based on the trabecular bone changes of the pelvic bone using post-mortem CT

Villa

Hansen

Buckberry

et al. 2013

Forensic Science International

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Villa C., Hansen M.N., Buckberry J., Cattaneo C., Lynnerup N. AbstractWe analyzed the trabecular bone changes in the pubic bone (PB) and in the auricular surface (AS) of the ilium using 319 CT scans of cadavers to estimate the age. Although the sharpness of the trabecular structure decreases in CT images when soft tissues are present, we identified four phases for the changes in PB and five in AS; a juvenile trait in PB and a senile trait in AS helped narrow the age range. High correlation with age was identified for both sexes in PB (F 0.89; M 0.75) and in AS (F 0.85; M 0.71) used independently or combined (F 0.91; M 0.78). The old adults (> 60 years) could be evaluated with better accuracy and discriminated in several phases. We found low inter-observer error and low inaccuracy (about 6 years, mean for all age ranges). The method is robust with respect to slice thickness, display window and kernel within the tested ranges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic age estimation based on the trabecular bone changes of the pelvic bone using post-mortem CT

Villa

Hansen

Buckberry

et al. 2013

Forensic Science International

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“…Since adult aging techniques are based on postmaturity metamorphoses, this may result in underaging. Moreover, when going back in time, the question of temporal diversity must also be addressed (Schranz, 1959). In this regard, the aging process at the sternal extremity of the rib in Neanderthals apparently follows a similar morphological pattern t o that exhibited by modern White males and females (Loth, 1992;.…”

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confidence: 98%

Age assessment of the Spitalfields cemetery population by rib phase analysis

Loth¹

1995

American J Hum Biol

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Accurate paleodemographic reconstruction depends in large part on the ability to estimate age at death from the skeleton. Thus, it is important to evaluate the reliability of standards utilized for this assessment. The rib phase technique has proven to be one of the most consistently reliable means of determining age in modern human adults. A recent study also demonstrated that this method can be applied to Neandertals because they exhibit the same pattern of age-related change. However, the efficacy of the rib phases in aging archaeological populations of anatomically modern humans has not been systematically examined. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to determine if ribs from the 16th to 18th century Spitalfields cemetery population (with church records of age at death) manifest a morphological aging pattern similar to that found in the recent specimens upon which the rib phase standards are based. Age was assessed on a sample of 87 individuals using only the sternal ends of the ribs without access to the rest of the skeleton or records of age and sex. Results indicated that Spitalfields ribs exhibit essentially the same aging patterns found in the ribs of modern Whites. Overall, the demographic profile generated from the ribs produced a good approximation of this sample in both range and distribution. Error was in the direction of underaging, and results for males were better than for females. The present findings indicate that the rib can be considered a reliable site for age estimation in archaeological populations. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…progressive structural changes in cancellous bone at the proximal end of the humerus in 1933 that set the criteria used by nearly all researchers who followed (Schranz, 1959). He also cautioned that there may be sex differences.…”

Section: Forensic Anthropology 213mentioning

confidence: 96%

Rise of forensic anthropology

İşcan

1988

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

112

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Physical anthropologists have long been called upon to apply their knowledge of human skeletal biology to practical problems of concern to the medicolegal system. The discipline of forensic anthropology arose out of this need to determine and assess the characteristics of a n individual. The present paper traces the development of forensic anthropology and analyzes its brief historical roots, methodological advances, and the role it now plays in both the anthropological community and the criminal justice system. Since its formal establishment as a section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences in 1972, the discipline has made great strides, especially in the determination of demographic characteristics such as age, sex, and race. There is, however, a dearth of research on the factors of individualization accompanied by a proliferation of improperly designed studies. Unfortunately, further progress is limited by the absence of a precisely documented, modern skeletal collection. This paper also addresses the issue of identification and the problems associated with current approaches and the interpretation of results. This critical review of the field leads to the conclusion that the future of forensic anthropology depends on the commitment of its practitioners and investigators to the research and development of forensically applicable techniques.For years many anthropologists assisted the medicolegal profession and law enforcement agencies but did so without any official standards of qualification. The creation of the Physical Anthropology section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) in 1972 marked the beginning of a new era (Kerley, 1978a). Now, after 16 years as a specialty in its own right, it is time to review the historical development of forensic anthroplogy that has led to its current status. Although this paper emphasizes the formalization of forensic anthropology as a discipline in the United States, a global approach is important, and I have integrated scientific contributions from around the world into each section. This presentation will focus on the nature of the discipline, its interaction with physical anthropology, its role in the forensic sciences, and its professional responsibilities. ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE FORENSIC SCIENCESForensic science is composed of the branches of academic disciplines that can be applied to aid the medicolegal system. I will use the American experience to illustrate how anthropology became a part of this multidisciplinary field. The AAFS was formed largely through the efforts of R.H. Gradwohl, who founded the academy in 1950 (Eckert, 1980). Its objectives are "to promote education for and research in the forensic sciences; to encourage the study, improve the practice, elevate the standards and advance the cause of the forensic sciences; to promote interdisciplinary communications. . . ." (American Academy of Forensic Sciences, 1987:xii). 204YEARBOOK OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY [Vol. 31, 1988 Snow (1982) recounts that before 1970, only two phys...

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Age determination from the internal structure of the humerus

Cited by 40 publications

References 1 publication

Forensic age estimation based on the trabecular bone changes of the pelvic bone using post-mortem CT

Forensic age estimation based on the trabecular bone changes of the pelvic bone using post-mortem CT

Age assessment of the Spitalfields cemetery population by rib phase analysis

Rise of forensic anthropology

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