Age Differences in Valence Judgments of Emotional Faces: The Influence of Personality Traits and Current Mood

Czerwon, Beate; Lüttke, Stefan; Werheid, Katja

doi:10.1080/0361073x.2011.619468

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Second, the findings are coherent, meaningful, and in line with the hypotheses. Finally, the variance explained by the Big Five across the two experiments (around 2% and 10%), accords with previous studies (e.g., Czerwon et al, 2011). These contributions notwithstanding, further studies seem to be necessary to make clear the contribution of agreeableness and neuroticism in social responses to other's pain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…perceive facial expressions of other people (i.e., positive or negative faces) and thus might affect judgment of emotional information (Czerwon, Lüttke, & Werheid, 2011;Knyazev, Bocharov, Slobodskaya, & Ryabichenko, 2008). Recently, Czerwon et al (2011) revealed a positive bias in people high in agreeableness or conscientiousness for valence judgments of positive faces.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Czerwon et al (2011) revealed a positive bias in people high in agreeableness or conscientiousness for valence judgments of positive faces. Knyazev et al (2008) found agreeableness and conscientiousness predisposed people to perceive faces as more friendly.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Big Five personality traits contribute to prosocial responses to others’ pain

Courbalay

Deroche

Prigent

et al. 2015

Personality and Individual Differences

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Big Five personality traits contribute to prosocial responses to others’ pain

Courbalay

Deroche

Prigent

et al. 2015

Personality and Individual Differences

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“…Specifically, whereas younger adults (YA) tend to show preferential attention to and retrieval of negatively valenced faces, words, and pictures, OA do not show this negative bias and sometimes favor positively valenced stimuli [4–6]. There is also some evidence for a positivity effect in evaluative ratings of both neutral expression faces [7, 8] and emotion expression faces [9, 10]. These age differences may have significant social consequences given that first impressions from faces predict voting preferences and judicial decisions, among other socially important judgments [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Older Adult Positivity Effect in Evaluations of Trustworthiness: Emotion Regulation or Cognitive Capacity?

et al. 2017

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An older adult positivity effect, i.e., the tendency for older adults to favor positive over negative stimulus information more than do younger adults, has been previously shown in attention, memory, and evaluations. This effect has been attributed to greater emotion regulation in older adults. In the case of attention and memory, this explanation has been supported by some evidence that the older adult positivity effect is most pronounced for negative stimuli, which would motivate emotion regulation, and that it is reduced by cognitive load, which would impede emotion regulation. We investigated whether greater older adult positivity in the case of evaluative responses to faces is also enhanced for negative stimuli and attenuated by cognitive load, as an emotion regulation explanation would predict. In two studies, younger and older adults rated trustworthiness of faces that varied in valence both under low and high cognitive load, with the latter manipulated by a distracting backwards counting task. In Study 1, face valence was manipulated by attractiveness (low /disfigured faces, medium, high/fashion models’ faces). In Study 2, face valence was manipulated by trustworthiness (low, medium, high). Both studies revealed a significant older adult positivity effect. However, contrary to an emotion regulation account, this effect was not stronger for more negative faces, and cognitive load increased rather than decreased the rated trustworthiness of negatively valenced faces. Although inconsistent with emotion regulation, the latter effect is consistent with theory and research arguing that more cognitive resources are required to process negative stimuli, because they are more cognitively elaborated than positive ones. The finding that increased age and increased cognitive load both enhanced the positivity of trustworthy ratings suggests that the older adult positivity effect in evaluative ratings of faces may reflect age-related declines in cognitive capacity rather than increases in the regulation of negative emotions.

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“…The block design was chosen to avoid an influence of unequal perceived frequencies of each emotional valence on the LPP amplitudes (Cacioppo, Crites, Gardner, & Berntson, 1994;Donchin & Coles, 1988). Since previous research had pointed to age effects on the perceived valence of neutral expressions (Czerwon, Lüttke, & Werheid, 2011), we wanted to circumvent any interference of these effects with the age effects on LPPs. The order of blocks was counterbalanced across observers.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

ERP evidence for own-age effects on late stages of processing sad faces

Fölster

Werheid

2016

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Faces convey important information on interaction partners, such as their emotional state and age. Faces of the same age are, according to recent research, preferentially processed. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the neural processes underlying this own-age effect are influenced by the emotional expression of the face, and to explore possible explanations such as the frequency or quality of contact to own-age versus other-age groups. Event-related potentials were recorded while 19 younger (18-30 years) and 19 older (64-86 years) observers watched younger and older sad and happy faces. Sad but not happy faces elicited higher late positive potential amplitudes for own-age than for other-age faces. This own-age effect was significant for older, but not for younger, observers, and correlated with the quality of contact with the own-age versus the other-age group. This pattern suggests that sad own-age faces are motivationally more relevant.Keywords Own-age effect . Facial expression . Event-related potentials . Late positive potential . Emotion Faces convey crucial information for social interactions: They signal the emotional state of our interaction partners, and also provide important social information on their age, sex, and race. Recent research has revealed preferential processing of faces belonging to one's same age group (own-age faces).

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Age Differences in Valence Judgments of Emotional Faces: The Influence of Personality Traits and Current Mood

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Big Five personality traits contribute to prosocial responses to others’ pain

Big Five personality traits contribute to prosocial responses to others’ pain

The Older Adult Positivity Effect in Evaluations of Trustworthiness: Emotion Regulation or Cognitive Capacity?

ERP evidence for own-age effects on late stages of processing sad faces

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