Age Distribution and Spatial Patterning of an Invasive Shrub in Secondary Hardwood Forests

Shields, Joshua M.; Jenkins, Michael A.; Saunders, Michael R.; Zhang, Hao; Jenkins, Lindsay H.; Parks, Amanda

doi:10.5849/forsci.13-079

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Given the increased density of L. maackii seedlings after removal, as well as increased A. petiolata cover, long-term control efforts will be necessary to sustain the recovery of native communities. Long-term efforts to control invasive plants, such as L. maackii, should balance reclaiming heavily invaded areas with preventing areas with more recent invasions from reaching the saturation phase of population growth [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because invasions are typically treated at the forest or woodlot scale, examinations of larger-scale removal provides a more accurate evaluation of real-world environmental and dispersal conditions. For example, research has shown that immature L. maackii seedlings are typically clustered around mature shrubs [18], suggesting that residual shrubs that remain next to small treatment plots may hasten recolonization by serving as local sources of propagules or as perch sites for birds. Additionally, invasive shrub removal affects the abundance of mice (Peromyscus spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Short-Term Response of Native Flora to the Removal of Non-Native Shrubs in Mixed-Hardwood Forests of Indiana, USA

Shields

Saunders

Gibson

et al. 2015

Forests

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While negative impacts of invasive species on native communities are well documented, less is known about how these communities respond to the removal of established populations of invasive species. With regard to invasive shrubs, studies examining native community response to removal at scales greater than experimental plots are lacking. We examined short-term effects of removing Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle) and other non-native shrubs on native plant taxa in six mixed-hardwood forests. Each study site contained two 0.64 ha sample areas-an area where all non-native shrubs were removed and a reference area where no treatment was implemented. We sampled vegetation in the spring and summer before and after non-native shrubs were removed. Cover and diversity of native species, and densities of native woody seedlings, increased after shrub removal. However, we also observed significant increases in L. maackii seedling densities and Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) cover in removal areas. Changes in reference areas were less pronounced and mostly non-significant. Our results suggest that removing non-native shrubs allows short-term recovery of native communities across a range of invasion intensities. However, OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 1879 successful restoration will likely depend on renewed competition with invasive species that re-colonize treatment areas, the influence of herbivores, and subsequent control efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Short-Term Response of Native Flora to the Removal of Non-Native Shrubs in Mixed-Hardwood Forests of Indiana, USA

Shields

Saunders

Gibson

et al. 2015

Forests

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“…The dominant overstory species were obtained from Shields et al (2015b ), soil type information was taken from the USDA web soil survey ( Natural Resource Conservation Service 2016 ), average annual precipitation was calculated from 1981 to 2010 period (NOAA), and age of invasion was determined from counting the rings of stem cross-sections from L. maackii shrubs harvested to create the removal areas ( Shields et al 2014 ). The age of invasion at Martell was determined using a linear mixed effects model and harvested stem cross sections to create an age model to predict the age of the oldest L. maackii shrub ( Shields et al 2014 ). Lonicera maackii density (mean ± 1 SE is for stems > 1.37 m tall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and interactive effects of white-tailed deer and an exotic shrub on artificial and natural regeneration in mixed hardwood forests

Owings

Jacobs

Shields³

et al. 2017

AoB PLANTS

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We experimentally excluded deer and removed an invasive shrub (Amur honeysuckle) to determine their effects on the survival of planted tree seedlings and the abundance and diversity of natural seedlings. The presence of honeysuckle or deer alone resulted in similar declines in the survivorship of planted oak seedlings, but the presence of deer alone resulted in lower survival of planted chestnut seedlings than the presence of honeysuckle alone. While deer and honeysuckle did not affect the abundance or diversity of natural seedlings, the presence of both factors increased the dominance of shade-tolerant, unpalatable, and/or browse tolerant species.

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“…Herder] has invaded forest ecosystems, expanding its range since its initial introduction in the 1890s; and is considered one of the most aggressive invasive plants in North America (Deering and Vankat 1999;Luken and Thieret 1995). Numerous investigators have shown that Amur honeysuckle has negative impacts on native plants (Cipollini and McClain 2008;Collier et al 2002;Gorchov and Trisel 2003;Gould and Gorchov 2000;Hartman and McCarthy 2008;Hutchinson and Vankat 1997;McKinney and Goodell 2010;Meiners 2007;Miller and Gorchov 2004), with some research providing insights into its invasion process in time and space (Deering and Vankat 1999;Shields et al 2014). However, we are unaware of any studies that have examined the combined effects of Amur honeysuckle invasion intensity and duration of invasion on native taxa.…”

Section: Influence Of Intensity and Duration Of Invasion By Amur Honementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Intensity and Duration of Invasion by Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on Mixed Hardwood Forests of Indiana

Shields

Jenkins

Saunders

et al. 2015

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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The expansion of populations of invasive species continues to compromise the ecological and economic integrity of our natural resources. The negative effects of invasive species on native biota are widely reported. However, less is known about how the duration (i.e., age of oldest invaders) and intensity (i.e., density and percent cover) of an invasion influences native plant diversity and abundance at the microsite scale. We examined the influence of density, percent cover, and age of Amur honeysuckle (a nonnative invasive shrub), and several environmental factors on native plant taxa at 12 mixed hardwood forests in Indiana, USA. Overall, study sites with the greatest taxonomic diversity (Shannon's Diversity; H′), richness (S), percent cover, and density of native vegetation also had the lowest percent cover of Amur honeysuckle in the upper vertical stratum (1.01 to 5 m). Based on linear mixed model analyses, percent cover of Amur honeysuckle in the upper vertical stratum was consistently and negatively correlated with H′, S, total percent cover, and woody seedling density of native taxa at the microsite scale (P < 0.05). Duration of Amur honeysuckle at the microsite scale was not significant when percent cover of Amur honeysuckle in the upper vertical stratum was included in models. However, duration of Amur honeysuckle invasion was significantly correlated with dependent variables and with upper-stratum honeysuckle cover, suggesting that older Amur honeysuckle in a microsite resulted in greater light competition from above for native understory plant species. Beyond increased cover and shading, our results do not provide evidence of duration-related effects from long-term dominance of honeysuckle in our sampled mixed hardwood forest sites.

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Age Distribution and Spatial Patterning of an Invasive Shrub in Secondary Hardwood Forests

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Short-Term Response of Native Flora to the Removal of Non-Native Shrubs in Mixed-Hardwood Forests of Indiana, USA

Short-Term Response of Native Flora to the Removal of Non-Native Shrubs in Mixed-Hardwood Forests of Indiana, USA

Individual and interactive effects of white-tailed deer and an exotic shrub on artificial and natural regeneration in mixed hardwood forests

Influence of Intensity and Duration of Invasion by Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) on Mixed Hardwood Forests of Indiana

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