Age effects on survival of Amazon forest birds and the latitudinal gradient in bird survival

Munoz, Alejandra; Kéry, Marc; Martins, Pedro Vitor; Ferraz, Gonçalo

doi:10.1642/auk-17-91.1

Cited by 49 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Birds have proved useful to “pace‐of‐life” studies because they are well‐sampled globally and have life‐history and physiological traits that vary predictably over temperate to tropical latitudes. For example, tropical species lay smaller clutches (Jetz, Sekercioglu, & Böhning‐Gaese, ; Kulesza, ; Lack, ), have higher survival (Muñoz, Kéry, Martins, & Ferraz, ; Peach, Hanmer, & Oatley, ), and display lower basal metabolic rates (BMR) than north temperate species of similar body mass (Bushuev, Tolstenkov, Zubkova, Solovyeva, & Kerimov, ; Londoño, Chappell, Castañeda, Jankowski, & Robinson, ; Wiersma, Muñoz‐Garcia, Walker, & Williams, ). Because BMR provides an integrated view of the maintenance energy requirements of an individual associated with its ecological conditions (Daan, Masman, & Groenewold, ), it is one of the most widespread and useful measures in linking the flux of energy through an animal with key aspects of their life history (Wiersma, Chappell, & Williams, ), such as survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival is negatively related to basal metabolic rate in tropical Andean birds

et al. 2019

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Life‐history theory postulates that physiological traits, such as energy metabolism, can be understood in terms of allocation trade‐offs between self‐maintenance and reproduction over an organism's life span, and data show that metabolic intensity and survival vary inversely with latitude, with tropical birds exhibiting a “slow” pace of life relative to temperature species. However, tropical regions harbour strong environmental gradients of their own, and it remains to be shown whether similar life‐history trade‐offs between metabolism and longevity are reflected among tropical birds of the same latitude. We estimated apparent annual survival in 37 species of tropical passerine birds along an elevational gradient (400–3,000 m) in Peru to test whether variation in survival was influenced by basal metabolic rate (BMR; estimated at the same sites), elevation or both factors. We used path analysis to test our prediction that survival would decline as BMR increased, while accounting for the potential direct effects of elevation on survival due to differences in predation pressure or environmental conditions as well as potential indirect effects of elevation on BMR via temperature and the costs of thermoregulation. Higher BMR in tropical passerine birds predicted lower apparent survival, regardless of the elevation at which species occurred. In addition, elevation had a direct negative effect on apparent survival, perhaps due to harsher abiotic conditions, low site fidelity or both at high elevations. We provide evidence of a link between metabolic rate and longevity previously undescribed in populations of free‐living birds. Our results illustrate that tropical montane species may be characterized by a unique suite of traits in their pace of life, in which BMR does not differ from lowland birds, but survival does. A plain language summary is available for this article.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival is negatively related to basal metabolic rate in tropical Andean birds

et al. 2019

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“…In particular, information concerning survival rates of bird populations is critically needed in areas with high levels of diversity and endemism such as the Neotropical Andes (Myers et al 2000), where the transformation of forests and other native habitats is threatening the survival of multiple species (Orme et al 2005). Although the number of studies providing estimates of survival rates of birds in the Neotropics has recently increased (Blake andLoiselle 2013, Wolfe et al 2014;Muñoz et al 2018), fewer than 5% of Neotropical species have been evaluated (Ruiz-Guti errez et al 2012) and these estimates come from few locations. In addition, published survival estimates do not include any species from the tropical Andes, a biodiversity hotspot heavily impacted by anthropogenic activities (Stotz et al 1996) and increasingly threatened by climate change (Latta et al 2011, S ßekercio glu et al 2012, Vel asquez-Tibat a et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the number of studies providing estimates of survival rates of birds in the Neotropics has recently increased (Blake and Loiselle , Wolfe et al. ; Muñoz et al ), fewer than 5% of Neotropical species have been evaluated (Ruiz‐Gutiérrez et al. ) and these estimates come from few locations.…”

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Survival estimates of bird species across altered habitats in the tropical Andes

et al. 2019

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The probability of long‐term persistence of a population is strongly determined by adult survival rates, but estimates of survival are currently lacking for most species of birds in the tropical Andes, a global biodiversity hotspot. We calculated apparent survival rates of birds in the Ecuadorian tropical Andes using a moderately long‐term (11 yr) capture–recapture dataset from three habitats that varied in how much they had been modified by human activities (native forest, introduced forest, and shrubs). We fit mark–recapture models for 28 species with habitat as a covariable. For all species, recapture rates between sampling sessions were low and varied from 0.04 for Rainbow Starfrontlets (Coeligena iris) to 0.41 for Stripe‐headed Brushfinches (Arremon assimilis) when averaged across all occupied habitats. Annual survival rates varied from 0.07 for Black‐crested Warblers (Margarornis squamiger) to 0.75 for Violet‐throated Metaltails (Metallura baroni). We found no significant differences in survival rates either among habitats or species grouped by habitat specialization. Because we found similar survival rates in native forest and human‐modified habitats, our results support those of recent studies concerning the potential value of secondary habitats for the conservation of some species of birds in the tropics. However, our conclusions are tempered by the uncertainty around the estimates of survival rates. Despite the relatively long‐term nature of our study, obtaining survival estimates for bird species in this region was challenging, and either more years of study or modification of field protocols may be needed to obtain more precise survival estimates.

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“…The study of life history tradeoffs in birds has long focused on understanding 50 ecogeographic patterns in reproductive strategies, such as larger clutch sizes in temperate 51 versus tropical breeding birds (Ricklefs 2000b;Martin 2004) or the pace of growth and 52 development across latitudes (Martin 2015). Owing to the general recognition of seasonal 53 migration as a fundamental aspect of avian ecology and behavior, macroecological studies of 54 global variation in avian reproductive output (Jetz et al 2008;Sibly et al 2012;Cooney et al 55 2020) or survival (Muñoz et al 2018;Bird et al 2020) often include migratory status as a model 56 covariate, but without an explicit hypothesis for its effect. These studies have often found 57 migration to be associated with a "faster" life history strategy, such as high breeding productivity 58 (Sibly et al 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

The evolution of seasonal migration and the slow-fast continuum of life history in birds

2020

Preprint

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Seasonal migration is a widespread adaptation in environments with predictable periods of resource abundance and scarcity. Migration is frequently associated with high mortality, suggesting that migratory species live on the “fast” end of the slow-fast continuum of life history. However, few interspecific comparative studies have tested this assumption and prior assessments have been complicated by environmental variation among breeding locations. We evaluate how migration distance influences the tradeoff between reproduction and survival in 45 species of mostly passerine birds that breed sympatrically in North American boreal forests but migrate to a diversity of environments and latitudes for the northern winter. We find, after accounting for mass and phylogeny, that longer distance migrations to increasingly amenable winter environments are correlated with reduced annual reproductive output, but also result in increased adult survival compared to shorter-distance migrations. Non-migratory boreal species have life history parameters more similar to long-distance migrants than to shorter-distance migrants. These results suggest that long-distance migration and other highly specialized strategies for survival in seasonal environments impose selection pressures that both confer and demand high adult survival rates. That is, owing to the reproductive cost of long-distance migration, this strategy can only persist if balanced by high adult survival. Our results reveal migratory distance as a fundamental life history parameter that predicts, and is inextricable from, the balance of survival and reproduction. Our study further provides evolutionary context for understanding the annual cycle demography of migratory species and the strategies long-distance migrants use to maximize survival on their journeys.

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Age effects on survival of Amazon forest birds and the latitudinal gradient in bird survival

Cited by 49 publications

References 50 publications

Survival is negatively related to basal metabolic rate in tropical Andean birds

Survival is negatively related to basal metabolic rate in tropical Andean birds

Survival estimates of bird species across altered habitats in the tropical Andes

The evolution of seasonal migration and the slow-fast continuum of life history in birds

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