Age‐induced hypertrophy of astrocytes in rat supraoptic nucleus: A cytological, morphometric, and immunocytochemical study

Berciano, Marı́a T.; Andrés, M. A.; Calle, Ester; Lafarga, Miguel

doi:10.1002/ar.1092430115

Cited by 44 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Here, we report an increase in GFAP immunoreactivity, without an increase in the number of cells expressing GFAP. Thus, the apparent increase in GFAP immunoreactivity observed in this study is most likely due to the increase in cell size and number of processes expressing GFAP, corroborating rodent studies (Landfield et al 1977;Lindsey et al 1979;GarciaSegura et al, 1994a, b;Garcia-Segura et al 1994a, b;Berciano et al 1995;Garcia-Segura et al 1996;Struble et al 2006). Moreover, other nonhuman primate studies demonstrate that the cytoarchitecture of glial cells change with age but not the number of glial cells (Peters and Sethares 2002;Sandell and Peters 2002).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age-related decreases in SYN levels associated with increases in MAP-2, apoE, and GFAP levels in the rhesus macaque prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

Haley

Kohama

Urbanski

et al. 2010

AGE

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Loss of synaptic integrity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) may play an integral role in age-related cognitive decline. Previously, we showed age-related increases in the dendritic marker microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP-2) and the synaptic marker synaptophysin (SYN) in mice. Similarly, apolipoprotein E (apoE), involved in lipid transport and metabolism, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a glia specific marker, increase with age in rodents. In this study, we assessed whether these four proteins show similar age-related changes in a nonhuman primate, the rhesus macaque. Freefloating sections from the PFC and hippocampus from adult, middle-aged, and aged rhesus macaques were immunohistochemically labeled for MAP-2, SYN, apoE, and GFAP. Protein levels were measured as area occupied by fluorescence using confocal microscopy as well as by Western blot. In the PFC and hippocampus of adult and middle-aged animals, the levels of SYN, apoE, and GFAP immunoreactivity were comparable but there was a trend towards higher MAP-2 levels in middle-aged than adult animals. There was significantly less SYN and more MAP-2, apoE, and GFAP immunoreactivity in the PFC and hippocampus of aged animals compared to adult or middle-aged animals. Thus, the age-related changes in MAP-2, apoE, and GFAP levels were similar to those previously observed in rodents. On the other hand, the age-related changes in SYN levels were not, but were similar to those previously observed in the aging human brain. Taken together, these data emphasize the value of the rhesus macaque as a pragmatic translational model for human brain aging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age-related decreases in SYN levels associated with increases in MAP-2, apoE, and GFAP levels in the rhesus macaque prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

Haley

Kohama

Urbanski

et al. 2010

AGE

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“…Similar changes have been noted in the aging monkey cerebral cortex (Peters et al, 1991b;Peters et al, 1998). This increased production of filaments is reflected in the elevated levels of GFAP that have been noted in aging astrocytes elsewhere in the brain (de la Roza et al, 1985;Berciano et al, 1995;Morgan et al, 1999;Sloane et al, 2000), and it is a hallmark of the astrocytic response to various brain insults (reviewed by Eng et al, 2000).…”

Section: Astrocytesmentioning

confidence: 60%

Effects of age on the glial cells in the rhesus monkey optic nerve

Sandell

Peters

2002

J of Comparative Neurology

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The optic nerve is a circumscribed white matter tract consisting of myelinated nerve fibers and neuroglial cells. Previous work has shown that during normal aging in the rhesus monkey, many optic nerves lose some of their nerve fibers, and in all old optic nerves there are both myelin abnormalities and degenerating nerve fibers. The present study assesses how the neuroglial cell population of the optic nerve is affected by age. To address this question, optic nerves from young (4-10 years) and old (27-33 years) rhesus monkeys were examined by using both light and electron microscopy. It was found that with age the astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia all develop characteristic cytoplasmic inclusions. The astrocytes hypertrophy and fill space vacated by degenerated nerve fibers, and they often develop abundant glial filaments in their processes. Oligodendrocytes and microglial cells both become more numerous with age, and microglial cells often become engorged with phagocytosed debris. Some of the debris can be recognized as degenerating myelin, and in general, the greater the loss of nerve fibers, the more active the microglial cells become.

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“…In postmitotic cells, vimentin status not known Increased level in certain tissues of old subjects [44][45][46] and in age-associated diseases [200] has been reported. It may be related with its susceptibility to AGE modification [47] Lower actin protein level and fewer and thinner actin fibers in senescence (but, a report on the presence of thicker and longer fibers in senescent cells also exists [21])…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in vimentin levels has been observed in tissues such as testis tubules of old subjects [44], and astrocytes [45] and articular disc cells [46] of old rats. Vimentin is vulnerable to modification by advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) as evidenced by glycated vimentin that was found to form an abundance of perinuclear aggresomes in skin fibroblasts [47].…”

Section: Intermediate Filamentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparative analysis of the cell biology of senescence and aging

Hwang

Yoon

Kang

2009

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

161

141

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Various intracellular organelles, such as lysosomes, mitochondria, nuclei, and cytoskeletons, change during replicative senescence, but the utility of these changes as general markers of senescence and their significance with respect to functional alterations have not been comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, the relevance of these alterations to cellular and functional changes in aging animals is poorly understood. In this paper, we review the studies that report these senescence-associated changes in various aging cells and their underlying mechanisms. Changes associated with lysosomes and mitochondria are found not only in cells undergoing replicative or induced senescence but also in postmitotic cells isolated from aged organisms. In contrast, other changes occur mainly in cells undergoing in vitro senescence. Comparison of age-related changes and their underlying mechanisms in in vitro senescent cells and aged postmitotic cells would reveal the relevance of replicative senescence to the physiological processes occurring in postmitotic cells as individuals age.

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Age‐induced hypertrophy of astrocytes in rat supraoptic nucleus: A cytological, morphometric, and immunocytochemical study

Cited by 44 publications

References 70 publications

Age-related decreases in SYN levels associated with increases in MAP-2, apoE, and GFAP levels in the rhesus macaque prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

Age-related decreases in SYN levels associated with increases in MAP-2, apoE, and GFAP levels in the rhesus macaque prefrontal cortex and hippocampus

Effects of age on the glial cells in the rhesus monkey optic nerve

A comparative analysis of the cell biology of senescence and aging

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