Age of conduct disorder onset and comorbid anxiety and depression

Abstract

The relationship between age of onset for conduct disorder (CD) and the externalizing disorder attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is well researched. However, little is known about associations between age of CD onset and comorbid internalizing disorders. This study examined whether age of CD onset significantly predicted the presence of a comorbid mood or anxiety disorder in a community-based sample of adolescents (n = 147). Results showed each one-year increase in age of CD onset was significantly associated with increased probability of comorbid depression, but not significantly associated with the probability of a comorbid anxiety disorder. Analyses were replicated in subsamples of youth with (n = 77) and without (n = 70) ADHD. The significant positive relationship between age of CD onset and comorbid depression held in youth with ADHD only, while a negative relationship with anxiety emerged as significant in youth without ADHD.

Assessment of the association between non-suicidal self-injury disorder and suicidal behaviour disorder in females with conduct disorder

“…Moreover, we showed that current depressive symptoms also serve as an independent predictor of SBD in girls with CD. The comorbidity of CD and depressive disorders have been documented by several studies that included individuals with CD [36][37][38]. The cooccurrence of depressive symptoms clearly places CD among mental disorders with increased risk of suicide.…”

Disruptive Behavior Disorders and Marijuana Use: The Role of Depressive Symptoms

“…18 The presence of DBDs may lead to impairment, as is evidenced by the relation between DBDs and depression. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Distress related to experiencing subthreshold or threshold symptoms of both DBDs and depression may lead individuals to look for alternative coping strategies. Consistent with the self-medication hypothesis, marijuana may be used to cope with distress related to DBDs, depression, or both.…”

“…Furthermore, age of CD onset is significantly associated with increased probability of comorbid depression. 17 In a community sample of children, dimensions of ODD were associated with subsequent symptoms of depression as well. 18 While the literature suggests a correlation between DBDs and depression, a causal relation would lay the groundwork for depression as a mediator of the relation between DBDs and marijuana use.…”

A experiência parental e o desenvolvimento do >i<Self>/i< de meninas com problemas de comportamento

“…Dessa forma, o presente estudo permitiu observar que as amolações antissociais das meninas consistem em atitudes defensivas do tipo maníaco contra sentimentos dolorosos e depressivos referentes às privações sofridas, próprias ou dos seus pais Nesse aspecto, este estudo confirma as conclusões de outros, de natureza empírica, sobre da as associações entre os sintomas antissociais das meninas participantes e a presença de uma depressão latente (Stalk, Love & Mueller, 2015;Burke et al, 2010). As atitudes maníacas podem ser compreendidas como afirmadoras de vida e de recuperação da depressão.…”

“…No que se refere às comorbidades psiquiátricas, o Transtorno da Conduta está frequentemente associado ao Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (Nooerdermeer et al, 2017) e a transtornos das emoções (ansiedade, depressão, obsessão-compulsão) (Stalk, Love & Mueller, 2015;Pacheco, Alvarenga, Reppold & Piccinini, 2005). É importante frisar que o conceito de tendência antissocial também tem sido empregado para designar o caráter agressivo e desafiador da conduta de indivíduos que, embora não tenham o diagnóstico de um transtorno específico, apresentam problemas comportamentais que causam prejuízos no seu funcionamento social.…”