Age related changes in drivers' crash risk and crash type

Ryan, G A; Legge, Matthew; Rosman, D L

doi:10.1016/s0001-4575(97)00098-5

Cited by 191 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A great deal of attention has recently been devoted to the older driver (> 65 years), largely because older drivers have a greater crash rate per kilometre driven (Frith, 2002;Lyman, Ferguson, Braver, & Williams, 2002;Maycock, 1997;Ryan, Legge, & Rosman, 1998) and because of the substantial projected increases in the number of older drivers in the next half a century (e.g. OECD, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-regulation of driving and its relationship to driving ability among older adults

Baldock

Mathias

McLean

et al. 2006

Accident Analysis & Prevention

288

166

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Although it is known that older drivers limit their driving, it is not known whether this self-regulation is related to actual driving ability. A sample of 104 older drivers, aged between 60 and 92, completed a questionnaire about driving habits and attitudes. Ninety of these drivers also completed a structured on-road driving test.A measure of self-regulation was derived from drivers' self-reported avoidance of difficult driving situations. The on-road driving test involved a standard assessment used to determine fitness to drive. Of the 90 participants who completed the driving assessment, 68 passed the test, eight passed but were recommended to have driving lessons and 14 failed. Driving test scores for the study were based on the number of errors committed in the driving tests, with weightings given according to the seriousness of the errors.The most commonly avoided difficult driving situations were parallel parking and driving at night in the rain, while the least avoided situation was driving alone. Poorer performance on the driving test was not strongly related to overall avoidance of difficult driving situations. Stronger relationships were found between driving ability and avoidance of specific difficult driving situations. These specific driving situations were the ones in which the drivers had low confidence and that the drivers were most able to avoid if they wished to. These results may reflect a tendency for those with poorer driving ability to lose confidence in their driving, and begin to avoid difficult driving situations. However, there are a number of situations that drivers find difficult to avoid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-regulation of driving and its relationship to driving ability among older adults

Baldock

Mathias

McLean

et al. 2006

Accident Analysis & Prevention

288

166

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show abstract

“…We defined 16-24 year-old drivers as young drivers/mothers and 25-39 year-old drivers as older drivers/mothers, because several studies have shown that drivers aged under 25 have higher crash rates than older drivers. 32,33 While these age groups are not equal (16-24 year-olds consist of 9 years and 25-39 year-olds consist of 15 years), we used only ratios, rather than absolute numbers, to compare these age groups.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Fatal Crashes Involving An Infantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young females at risk while driving with a small child

Maasalo

Lehtonen

Summala

2017

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Introduction: Previous research suggests that young mothers with little driving experience are at risk when driving with a small child passenger. In this study we examined the prevalence, characteristics and risk of fatal motor vehicle crashes involving an infant passenger under the age of one among female drivers of different ages. Methods:We used crash data from the US Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 1994-2013. The prevalence of fatal crashes involving infants was examined by age of female drivers and compared to the number of births among mothers of a similar age. The essential characteristics of the crashes were described, and the odds of being at fault were determined for young (16-24-year-olds) and older female drivers (25-39-year-olds) with an infant passenger or with no passengers. Results:The prevalence of fatal crashes involving infant passengers was higher among young female drivers in relation to the number of births among mothers of a similar age than among older females.Young female drivers with an infant passenger were more often at fault than older drivers (aOR=1.83, 95%, CI=1.52, 2.20). Their vehicles were older and smaller and they used proper safety seats for infants less often than the older drivers. In addition, young female drivers with an infant passenger but with no adult passenger in the vehicle were more often at fault than young female drivers with no passengers (aOR=1.27, 95% CI=1.06, 1.51).Both young and older female drivers' crashes involving an infant passenger typically occurred in ordinary driving conditions, but these drivers with infant passengers were more often reported as having fallen asleep or inattentive than those with no passengers. The presence of an adult passenger in addition to an infant passenger lowered female drivers' odds of being at fault, regardless of the driver's age. Conclusions:Young females driving with an infant passenger, probably most often mothers, are at an elevated risk of a fatal crash, especially when they drive alone with an infant. The protective effect of an adult passenger suggests that another adult in the vehicle can assist the driver by taking care of the infant and enabling the driver to focus on driving.

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“…Although part of this excess may be an artifact, it should be recalled that we restricted our analysis to collisions, a type of crash in which the effect of alcohol may be weaker than in single crashes, as previous studies have found (19,35,36). Furthermore, alcohol consumption is more influential in younger drivers (29), and it is generally recognized that younger drivers tend to be more frequently involved in single-vehicle crashes, whereas older drivers are involved more frequently in collisions between two or more vehicles (29,35,37). In any case, the high OR estimate obtained for sleepiness/ drowsiness supports the increasing importance given to this factor in recent years as an immediate cause of traffic crashes (33,(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Factors Directly Related With Collisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of main driver-dependent risk factors with the risk of causing a vehicle collision in Spain, 1990–1999

Lardelli-Claret

Luna

Jiménez-Moleón

et al. 2003

Annals of Epidemiology

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PURPOSE:To assess the strength of association of main driver-dependent risk factors with the risk of causing a collision between vehicles in Spain, from 1990 to 1999. METHODS:The data for this paired-by-collision, case-control study were obtained from the Spanish Dirección General de Tráfico traffic crash database. The study included all 220,284 collisions involving two or more vehicles with four or more wheels, in which only one of the drivers involved committed an infraction. Infractor drivers comprised the case group; noninfractor drivers involved in the same collision were their corresponding paired controls. RESULTS: All driver-dependent factors were associated with the risk of causing a collision. The highest adjusted odds ratio estimates were obtained for sleepiness (64.35; CI, inappropriate speed (28.33; CI,, and driving under the influence of alcohol with a positive breath test (22.32; CI,). An increase in the number of years in possession of a driving license showed a protective effect, albeit the strength of the effect decreased as age increased. CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the urgent need to implement strategies aimed mainly at controlling speeding, sleepiness, and alcohol consumption before driving-the main driver-dependent risk factors for causing a vehicle collision.

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Age related changes in drivers' crash risk and crash type

Cited by 191 publications

References 10 publications

Self-regulation of driving and its relationship to driving ability among older adults

Self-regulation of driving and its relationship to driving ability among older adults

Young females at risk while driving with a small child

Association of main driver-dependent risk factors with the risk of causing a vehicle collision in Spain, 1990–1999

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