Age-related changes in liver, gall bladder and 
pancreas

Wynne, Hilary

doi:10.1017/s0959259802012133

Rev. Clin. Gerontol.

2002

DOI: 10.1017/s0959259802012133

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Age-related changes in liver, gall bladder and pancreas

Hilary Wynne

Abstract: Although a reduced liver size in elderly people has long been recognized from post-mortem studies, these studies do not allow the separation of true ‘age-related’ differences from the effects of premorbid illness, and death. An age-related effect was confirmed however by an in vivo study which measured liver size by ultrasound scanning of healthy individuals. This demonstrated a significant negative correlation between age and liver volume, with volumes being 28% lower in individuals above the age of 65 compar… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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The Elderly as a Sensitive Population in Environmental Exposures: Making the Case

Risher

Todd

Meyer

et al. 2010

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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The US population is aging. CDC has estimated that 20% of all Americans will be 65 or older by the year 2030. As a part of the aging process, the body gradually deteriorates and physiologic and metabolic limitations arise. Changes that occur in organ anatomy and function present challenges for dealing with environmental stressors of all kinds, ranging from temperature regulation to drug metabolism and excretion. The elderly are not just older adults, but rather are individuals with unique challenges and different medical needs than younger adults. The ability of the body to respond to physiological challenge presented by environmental chemicals is dependent upon the health of the organ systems that eliminate those substances from the body. Any compromise in the function of those organ systems may result in a decrease in the body's ability to protect itself from the adverse effects of xenobiotics. To investigate this issue, we performed an organ system-by-organ system review of the effects of human aging and the implications for such aging on susceptibility to drugs and xenobiotics. Birnbaum (1991) reported almost 20 years ago that it was clear that the pharmacokinetic behavior of environmental chemicals is, in many cases, altered during aging. Yet, to date, there is a paucity of data regarding recorded effects of environmental chemicals on elderly individuals. As a result, we have to rely on what is known about the effects of aging and the existing data regarding the metabolism, excretion, and adverse effects of prescription medications in that population to determine whether the elderly might be at greater risk when exposed to environmental substances. With increasing life expectancy, more and more people will confront the problems associated with advancing years. Moreover, although proper diet and exercise may lessen the immediate severity of some aspects of aging, the process will continue to gradually degrade the ability to cope with a variety of injuries and diseases. Thus, the adverse effects of long-term, low-level exposure to environmental substances will have a longer time to be manifested in a physiologically weakened elderly population. When such exposures are coupled with concurrent exposure to prescription medications, the effects could be devastating. Public health officials must be knowledgeable about the sensitivity of the growing elderly population, and ensure that the use of health guidance values (HGVs) for environmental contaminants and other substances give consideration to this physiologically compromised segment of the population.

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The Elderly as a Sensitive Population in Environmental Exposures: Making the Case

Risher

Todd

Meyer

et al. 2010

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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show abstract

Disorders of the Hepato-Biliary System in the Elderly

Nagaratnam

Cheuk

2016

Diseases in the Elderly

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Age-related changes in liver, gall bladder and pancreas

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

The Elderly as a Sensitive Population in Environmental Exposures: Making the Case

The Elderly as a Sensitive Population in Environmental Exposures: Making the Case

Disorders of the Hepato-Biliary System in the Elderly

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