Age-related changes in pancreatic islet cell gene expression

Giddings, Stephen J.; Carnaghi, Lynn R.; Mooradian, Arshag D.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(95)90161-2

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In line with our results, lower GcK mRNA expression in the liver of aged rats (80 weeks) has been reported [61]. No change in GcK expression in islets has however been reported in 24 month old Fisher rats [62], 80 week old rats [61] or 42 week old rats [63]. Increased mRNA expression of GcK in islets has also been reported in 30 month old mice [64].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Contradictory to our results, it has been reported that mRNA and protein expression of GLUT2 decreased in the liver of 20-month-old rats [21]. It has been reported that islet GLUT2 mRNA expression is higher in 6 and 12 month old rats but remained constant in 24-month-old ones [62]. In addition, no change in islet GLUT2 expression has been reported in 42-week-old rats [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 32%

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Transient Congenital Hypothyroidism Alters Gene Expression of Glucose Transporters and Impairs Glucose Sensing Apparatus in Young and Aged Offspring Rats

Gholami

Jeddi

Zadeh‐Vakili

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Transient congenital hypothyroidism (TCH) could disturb carbohydrate metabolism in adulthood. Aging is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. This study aims to address effects of TCH on mRNA expressions of glucose transporters (GLUTs) and glucokinase (GcK) in islets and insulin target tissues of aged offspring rats. Methods: The TCH group received water containing 0.025% 6-propyl-2-thiouracil during gestation. Offspring from control and TCH groups (n=6 in each group) were followed until month 19. Gene expressions of GLUTs and GcK were measured at months 3 and 19. Results: Compared to controls, aged TCH rats had higher GLUT4 expression in heart (4.88 fold) and soleus (6.91 fold), while expression was lower in epididymal fat (12%). In TCH rats, GLUT2 and GcK expressions in islets were lower in young (12% and 10%, respectively) and higher in aged (10.85 and 8.42 fold, respectively) rats. In addition, liver GLUT2 and GcK expressions were higher in young (13.11 and 21.15 fold, respectively) and lower in aged rats (44% and 5%, respectively). Conclusion: Thyroid hormone deficiency during fetal period impaired glucose sensing apparatus and changed glucose transporter expression in insulin-sensitive tissues of aged offspring rats. These changes may contribute to impaired carbohydrate metabolism.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 32%

Transient Congenital Hypothyroidism Alters Gene Expression of Glucose Transporters and Impairs Glucose Sensing Apparatus in Young and Aged Offspring Rats

Gholami

Jeddi

Zadeh‐Vakili

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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“…Further, tissues such as liver, yolk sac or young embryos lack typical endocrine secretory granules, in which proteins can be concentrated about 200‐fold [25]. In contrast, these tissues secrete proteins through the constitutive pathway that, if used by proinsulin, would result in continuous, rapid secretion [4, 9, 13]. The corresponding low cytoplasmic protein levels are thus much more difficult to detect [6, 9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and differentially regulated processing of proinsulin in developing chick pancreas, liver and neuroretina

et al. 1998

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Regulated preproinsulin gene expression in nonpancreatic tissues during development has been demonstrated in rodents, Xenopus and chicken. Little is known, however, about the synthesis and processing of the primary protein product, proinsulin, in comparison with these events in pancreas. Using specific antisera and immunocytochemistry, immunoblot and HPLC criteria, we characterize the differential processing of proinsulin in developing neuroretina, liver and pancreas. The chick embryo pancreas expresses the convertase PC2, and largely processes proinsulin to insulin. In contrast, little or no mature PC2 is present in embryonic liver and neuroretina and the (pro)insulin immunoactivity identified is predominantly proinsulin.z 1998 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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“…Similar findings were reported earlier by Gidding and Mordian. 12 Giddings S. J. -1995 reported insulin secretion diminished in response to glucose as age advances.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Related Microscopic Changes on Islets of Langerhans in Human Pancreas

Sreedhar¹,

Oommen²,

Sarasammal³

2016

jemds

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BACKGROUNDThe islets of Langerhans is an important endocrine gland, which regulate the blood glucose level. The rise in the blood glucose level results in diabetes mellitus, an age old disease which affects all the systems of our body. Nowadays, an increase in the incidence of diabetes is noticed in younger age groups also. The increased intake of alcohol in our state also affects the gland. Scientific advancement like islet transplantation makes most of them correctable. So we found it is very important to assess the age related changes in the islets of Langerhans. MATERIALS AND METHODSSixty two autopsied specimens of pancreas in an age range from 6 months to 83 years were collected for analysis from the mortuary of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Histological examination of the glands was done in the Histology Laboratory of Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. RESULTSA significant association between age and diameter of islets were observed in the present study. The number and size of beta cells showed a gradual increase up to 40 years, thereafter the cell number decreased considerably. In a chronic alcoholic patient, hyperplasia of islets and deposition of amyloids within the islets were observed. CONCLUSIONThe number of beta cells decreased after the age of 40 years. The beta cell destruction may be due to chemicals, diet, genetic factors and autoimmune diseases. The decrease in the number of beta cells result in type I diabetes mellitus.

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Age-related changes in pancreatic islet cell gene expression

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Transient Congenital Hypothyroidism Alters Gene Expression of Glucose Transporters and Impairs Glucose Sensing Apparatus in Young and Aged Offspring Rats

Transient Congenital Hypothyroidism Alters Gene Expression of Glucose Transporters and Impairs Glucose Sensing Apparatus in Young and Aged Offspring Rats

Synthesis and differentially regulated processing of proinsulin in developing chick pancreas, liver and neuroretina

Age Related Microscopic Changes on Islets of Langerhans in Human Pancreas

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