Age-related changes in synaptic function: analysis of the effect of dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids

McGahon, B.; Martin, Darren S.D.; Horrobin, David F.; Lynch, Marina A.

doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(99)00219-5

Cited by 207 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[79]) This effect of the oxidative stress is Ca 2+ dependent [87,88,91,92,133,134]; a finding consistent with the fact that calcium inhibits synaptic plasticity. It is noteworthy that treatment with n-3 fatty acids can restore the LTP in aged rats [70,71,[77][78][79]. Although a detailed account of the role of sodium, potassium, and calcium in the brain is beyond the scope of this review [2,49], it is worth noting that PUFA has also been shown to modulate sodium and calcium currents in the CA1 hippocampus neurons.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Ltpsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The most studied fatty acids, in this respect, are the DHA and AA. While the level of both fatty acids is very low in the neuronal membrane of aged hippocampus in rats, treatment with n-3 fatty acids improved the membrane status [79,80]. Basically, there are two ways to explain the low level of PUFA in the aging brain, viz.…”

Section: Role Of Fatty Acids In Aging Neuronal Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in restoring the aging neuronal membrane

Yehuda¹,

Rabinovitz²,

Carasso³

et al. 2002

Neurobiology of Aging

353

200

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In addition to a gradual loss of neurons in various brain regions, major biochemical changes in the brain affect the neuronal membrane that is the "site of action" for many essential functions including long-term potentiation (LTP), learning and memory, sleep, pain threshold, and thermoregulation. Normal physiological functioning includes the transmission of axonal information, regulation of membrane-bound enzymes, control of ionic channels and various receptors. All are highly dependent on membrane fluidity, where rigidity is increased during aging. The significantly higher level of cholesterol in aging neuronal membrane, the slow rate of cholesterol turnover, and the decreased level of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may result from poor passage rate via the blood-brain barrier, or from a decreased rate of incorporation into the membrane, or a decrease in the activities of delta-6 and delta-9 desaturase enzymes. The added oxidative stress, which leads to an increase of free radicals leading to a decrease in membrane fluidity, may respond to a restricted diet, and thereby overcome the damaging effects of the free radicals. A central focus of this review is that a specific ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFA can restore many of these age-related effects.

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Section: Oxidative Stress and Ltpsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Role Of Fatty Acids In Aging Neuronal Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in restoring the aging neuronal membrane

Yehuda¹,

Rabinovitz²,

Carasso³

et al. 2002

Neurobiology of Aging

353

200

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…a reduction in the index of membrane fluidity, in the brain of elderly people. In animals, aging was found to be associated with a decrease in the membrane content of AA in the hippocampus together with an attenuation of long term potentiation (LTP) that can be reestablished by a diet containing AA (McGahon et al, 1999). These data support the idea of the importance of DHA dietary supply in aged subjects (figure 3).…”

Section: Consequences Of the Decrease In N-3 Pufas On Age-related Neusupporting

confidence: 77%

Neuroinflammation and aging: influence of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid

Layé

Delpech

Smedt-Peyrusse

et al. 2011

OCL

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“…Low levels of DHA in the brain are associated with onset of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline during aging (2). DHA was shown to provide protection from impairment of learning ability in AD model rats (3), and it was observed that dietary DHA improved long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus in rats (4). Additionally, several epidemiological studies revealed an association between fish consumption and a low prevalence of AD (5,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term administration of omega 3 fatty acids from fish oil results in increased transthyretin transcription in old rat hippocampus

Puskás

Kitajka

Nyakas

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

154

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Reduced brain levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids[arachidonic acid and docosahexanoic acid (DHA)] are observed in elderly subjects and patients with Alzheimer's disease. To determine the effects of n-3 fatty acids on aged rat brain, 2-year-old rats were fed fish oil (27% DHA content) for 1 month, and gene expression analysis and fatty acid and molecular species composition of the major phospholipid species were assessed. No significant alteration could be observed in the fatty acid composition of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides and phosphatidylserines with the exception of DHA, which was slightly higher in brains of rats receiving fish oil. However, a drastic reduction in arachidonic acid in phosphatidylinositoles was observed. The expression of 23 genes was altered in response to fish oil feeding in the hippocampus. The transcription of transthyretin (TTR) was induced by 10-fold as evidenced by microarray analysis and confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Expression of IL-1 and NO synthase, which has been implicated in the prevention of neurological diseases, was unaltered. TTR is an amyloid ␤ protein scavenger, so an increase in its expression could prevent amyloid aggregate formation. We believe the beneficial effects of fish oil might be common to other agents, i.e., induce TTR expression, like nicotine and Ginkgo biloba extract.

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Age-related changes in synaptic function: analysis of the effect of dietary supplementation with ω-3 fatty acids

Cited by 207 publications

References 37 publications

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in restoring the aging neuronal membrane

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in restoring the aging neuronal membrane

Neuroinflammation and aging: influence of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid

Short-term administration of omega 3 fatty acids from fish oil results in increased transthyretin transcription in old rat hippocampus

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