Age-related changes in the cerebrospinal fluid level of β-endorphin and substance P

Nagamitsu, Shinichiro; Matsuishi, Toyojiro; Komori, Hironori; Yamashita, Yushiro; Eguchi, Hironobu; Ichikawa, Kotaro; Fujimoto, Tomokazu; Kato, H

doi:10.1007/s007020050037

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…There are only a few studies on CSF β-endorphin level in children. Echenne et al (1991;Nagamitsu et al, 1998) measured CSF β-endorphin levels in 15 young girls with Rett syndrome and reported a mean value of 6.65 ± 3.45 pmol/L which was also higher than the value obtained in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

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Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma β‐endorphin levels in children with cerebral malaria

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesCerebral malaria (CM) is the most lethal form of malaria, yet its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Cytoadherence, sequestration, alterations in cytokine expression, inflammation, and microvascular obstruction are all hypothesized to be important in the aetio‐pathogenesis of coma which characterizes cerebral malaria and the death which sometimes result. Beta (β)‐endorphin has been postulated to be involved in the pathogenetic processes of inflammation and cytokine expression, although the exact role is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of β‐endorphin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of children with CM and compare the levels of β‐endorphin in the plasma of children with CM with that of apparently healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls at Ile‐Ife, Nigeria.Materials and MethodsAdditional to the standard investigation for CM, CSF and venous blood samples were obtained from the subjects for the determination of β‐endorphin levels.ResultsForty children with CM were studied along with forty age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The mean CSF β‐endorphin (± SD) level for the children with CM was 1.8 ± 0.9 pmol/L. The mean plasma β‐endorphin levels at admission (3.1 ± 2.0 pmol/L) and discharge (4.1 ± 3.3 pmol/L) were higher in children with CM than in the control subjects (2.7 ± 0.7 pmol/L). However, only the mean plasma β‐endorphin levels at discharge was significantly higher than that of controls (p = .012).ConclusionChildren with CM had higher mean plasma β‐endorphin levels compared to the controls and there was increased production of β‐endorphins in children with CM during the course of the illness.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

“…It may thus be due to chance. However, CSF levels of β‐endorphin have been observed in CNS infections to peak during the first year of life with a negative correlation with increasing age (Nagamitsu, ; Nagamitsu et al., ). For ethical reasons, CSF β‐endorphin was not determined in the controls in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma β‐endorphin levels in children with cerebral malaria

et al. 2017

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“…That is, age had no inXuence on the eVect of exercise on E levels (HatWeld et al 1987;Struder et al 1999). A negative correlation exists between E level of the CSF and advancing age (Nagamitsu et al 1998). Experience with exercise-i.e.…”

Section: Physical Activity and Agementioning

confidence: 92%

The effect of physical therapy on beta-endorphin levels

Bender¹,

Nagy²,

Barna

et al. 2007

Eur J Appl Physiol

115

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Beta-endorphin (betaE) is an important reliever of pain. Various stressors and certain modalities of physiotherapy are potent inducers of the release of endogenous betaE to the blood stream. Most forms of exercise also increase blood betaE level, especially when exercise intensity involves reaching the anaerobic threshold and is associated with the elevation of serum lactate level. Age, gender, and mental activity during exercise also may influence betaE levels. Publications on the potential stimulating effect of manual therapy and massage on betaE release are controversial. Sauna, mud bath, and thermal water increase betaE levels through conveying heat to the tissues. The majority of the techniques for electrical stimulation have a similar effect, which is exerted both centrally and--to a lesser extent--peripherally. However, the parameters of electrotherapy have not yet been standardised. The efficacy of analgesia and the improvement of general well-being do not necessarily correlate with betaE level. Although in addition to blood, increased brain and cerebrospinal fluid betaE levels are also associated with pain, the majority of studies have concerned blood betaE levels. In general, various modalities of physical therapy might influence endorphin levels in the serum or in the cerebrospinal fluid--this is usually manifested by elevation with potential mitigation of pain. However, a causal relationship between the elevation of blood, cerebrospinal fluid or brain betaE levels and the onset of the analgesic action cannot be demonstrated with certainty.

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“…Notably, our healthy controls were markedly younger, and one study has described that CSF‐BE decreases with age [27]. However, other studies have failed to confirm this age effect on CSF‐BE [24,28–30]. At any rate, our multivariate data analysis showed that even when taking age into account, group membership was still a significant predictor for the levels of CSF‐BE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Do Low Levels of Beta-Endorphin in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Indicate Defective Top-Down Inhibition in Patients with Chronic Neuropathic Pain? A Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study

et al. 2014

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Age-related changes in the cerebrospinal fluid level of β-endorphin and substance P

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma β‐endorphin levels in children with cerebral malaria

Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma β‐endorphin levels in children with cerebral malaria

The effect of physical therapy on beta-endorphin levels

Do Low Levels of Beta-Endorphin in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Indicate Defective Top-Down Inhibition in Patients with Chronic Neuropathic Pain? A Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study

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