Age-related changes in the hemodynamics of the femoral head as evaluated by early phase of bone scintigraphy

Hamaguchi, Hiroyuki; Fujioka, Mikihiro; Takahashi, Kenji; Hirata, Tomoyuki; Ishida, Masaharu; Sakao, Kei; Ushuima, Yo; Kubota, Takao; Kubo, Toru

doi:10.1007/bf02985588

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Bridgeman and Brookes (1996) reported marrow ischemia in femoral diaphyses of aged women and men and a greater reliance upon the periosteal blood supply (i.e., centripetal blood flow) for survival of the diaphyseal cortex [30]. Conversion of diaphyseal flow from centrifugal in youth to centripetal in old age represents an abnormal blood flow pattern [36] and corresponds with declines in bone perfusion reported in animal models and humans [6, 7, 33, 37–39]. Diminished blood flow to bone marrow [6, 7, 33, 40] and bone [6, 7], reduced vasodilator capacity of bone arteries [6, 7], diminished bone volume [6, 7] and mineral density [40], and replacement of hematopoietic marrow with adipocytes [26, 33, 40] have been reported in aged rats and humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone marrow blood vessel ossification and “microvascular dead space” in rat and human long bone

Prisby

2014

Bone

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Severe calcification of the bone microvascular network was observed in rats, whereby the bone marrow blood vessels appeared ossified. This study sought to characterize the magnitude of ossification in relation to patent blood vessels and adipocyte content in femoral diaphyses. Additionally, this study confirmed the presence of ossified vessels in patients with arteriosclerotic vascular disease and peripheral vascular disease and cellulitis. Young (4–6 mon; n=8) and old (22–24 mon; n=8) male Fischer-344 rats were perfused with barium sulfate to visualize patent bone marrow blood vessels. Femoral shafts were processed for bone histomorphometry to quantify ossified (Goldner’s Trichrome) and calcified (Alizarin Red) vessels. Adipocyte content was also determined. Additional femora (n=5/age group) were scanned via µCT to quantify microvascular ossification. Bone marrow blood vessels from rats and the human patients were also isolated and examined via microscopy. Ossified vessels (rats and humans) had osteocyte lacunae on the vessel surfaces and “normal” vessels were transitioning into bone. The volume of ossified vessels was 4800% higher (p <0.05) in old vs. young rats. Calcified and ossified vessel volumes per tissue volume and calcified vessel volume per patent vessel volume were augmented (p <0.05) 262%, 375% and 263%, respectively, in old vs. young rats. Ossified and patent vessel number was higher (171%) and lower (40%), respectively, in old vs. young rats. Finally, adipocyte volume per patent vessel volume was higher (86%) with age. This study is the first to report ossification of bone marrow blood vessels in rats and humans. Ossification presumably results in “microvascular dead space” in regards to loss of patency and vasomotor function as opposed to necrosis. The progression of bone microvascular ossification may provide the common link associated with age-related changes in bone and bone marrow. The clinical implications may be evident in the difficulties treating bone disease in the elderly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone marrow blood vessel ossification and “microvascular dead space” in rat and human long bone

Prisby

2014

Bone

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“…It is also observed that the total speed and volume of blood in the bone decrease with age, causing marrow pH and pO 2 to fall (Bridgeman and Brookes, 1996). The ratio of blood flow and pooling in the femoral head versus its diaphysis has been identified to fall with age (Hamaguchi et al, 2006). These changes may impact hematopoiesis, impair bone regenerative ability, as well as increase the risk of osteoporosis in older people (Bridgeman and Brookes, 1996;Hamaguchi et al, 2006;Marenzana and Arnett, 2013).…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of blood flow and pooling in the femoral head versus its diaphysis has been identified to fall with age (Hamaguchi et al, 2006). These changes may impact hematopoiesis, impair bone regenerative ability, as well as increase the risk of osteoporosis in older people (Bridgeman and Brookes, 1996;Hamaguchi et al, 2006;Marenzana and Arnett, 2013). Age-related changes in blood vessels and vascular niches impact hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) (Morrison and Scadden, 2014;Kusumbe et al, 2016;Pinho and Frenette, 2019).…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Vessels and Vascular Niches in Bone Development and Physiological Remodeling

Hendriks

Ramasamy

2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Recent advances in our understanding of blood vessels and vascular niches in bone convey their critical importance in regulating bone development and physiology. The contribution of blood vessels in bone functions and remodeling has recently gained enormous interest because of their therapeutic potential. The mammalian skeletal system performs multiple functions in the body to regulate growth, homeostasis and metabolism. Blood vessels provide support to various cell types in bone and maintain functional niches in the bone marrow microenvironment. Heterogeneity within blood vessels and niches indicate the importance of specialized vascular niches in regulating skeletal functions. In this review, we discuss physiology of bone vasculature and their specialized niches for hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal progenitor cells. We provide clinical and experimental information available on blood vessels during physiological bone remodeling.

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“…The etiology of ONFH is still unknown, but is associated with trauma, steroid‐induced alcohol abuse, hemoglobinopathy, Gaucher's disease, coagulopathies, Caisson disease, inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, and other idiopathic mechanisms . The pathophysiology of ONFH may include the interruption of blood supply to the extraosseous area and embolism in subchondral blood vessels, which causes venous stasis and increase in femoral head bone marrow pressure …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The pathophysiology of ONFH may include the interruption of blood supply to the extraosseous area and embolism in subchondral blood vessels, which causes venous stasis and increase in femoral head bone marrow pressure. 5,6 There are various treatment methods of ONFH in early stages. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The vascularized bone grafting has been demonstrated to achieve better clinical results than nonvascularized bone grafting.…”

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confidence: 99%

Digital subtraction angiography in selection of the vascularized greater trochanter bone grafting for treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2013

Microsurgery

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The aim of this report is to present our experience on the use of the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in selection of the vascularized greater trochanter bone grafting for the treatment of the osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in early stages. Between January 2005 and June 2007, DSA was used to evaluate the blood perfusion of the early stages ONFH in 32 patients (45 hips). There were 18 males and 14 females with an average age of 30 years old. Twenty-one hips were in ARCO stage I, and 24 in ARCO stage II. The arterial blood supply insufficiency was found in 22 hips by DSA, and the venous stasis in 23 hips. The hips with artery blood supply insufficiency received the vascularized greater trochanter bone grafting, and the hips with the venous stasis received the core decompression. All of patients were followed-up with an average of 4.8 years (ranging 2.4-6.6 years). The preoperative Harris Hip score (HHS) in the patients with arterial blood supply insufficiency was 48.18 ± 7.81 and the postoperative HHS was 93.27 ± 3.03. The preoperative HHS in the patients with venous stasis was 44.04 ± 6.40, and the postoperative HHS 92.65 ± .93. The postoperative DSA showed an improved perfusion of the femoral head in 44 hips. Our experience showed that DSA would help to select the appropriate procedure for treatment of ONFH in the early stage.

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Age-related changes in the hemodynamics of the femoral head as evaluated by early phase of bone scintigraphy

Abstract: The present study demonstrated that blood flow and blood pool of the femoral head decrease with aging particularly in women. This hemodynamic deterioration of the femoral head caused by aging may have an effect on the onset and progression of hip disorders by influencing bone metabolism.

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Bone marrow blood vessel ossification and “microvascular dead space” in rat and human long bone

Bone marrow blood vessel ossification and “microvascular dead space” in rat and human long bone

Blood Vessels and Vascular Niches in Bone Development and Physiological Remodeling

Digital subtraction angiography in selection of the vascularized greater trochanter bone grafting for treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head

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