Age‐related changes in Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase activities in rat liver microsomes

Maniongul, C.; Blond, Jean Paul; Ulmann, Lionel; Durand, G.; Poisson, Jean‐Pierre; Bézard, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02536313

Cited by 57 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This hypothesis is, however, not sustained by an association between the FAs and pulmonary function. In contrast to this finding in CF patients, a decreased ⌬ 6-desaturase activity with aging, leading to increased LA concentrations in the general population, has been described [45] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Relation between Fatty Acid Composition and Clinical Status or Genotype in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Biervliet

et al. 2007

Ann Nutr Metab

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Objective: To evaluate the relation of clinical parameters and genotype with the serum phospholipid fatty acid (FA) composition in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Methods: A blood sample was taken from CF patients with stable pulmonary disease for the determination of phospholipid FA composition and vitamin E concentration who had been followed for at least 6 months at our Cystic Fibrosis Centre. Genotype, age, pancreatic function, nutritional status, caloric intake, pulmonary function and presence of Pseudomonas colonization, liver disease or diabetes mellitus were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups according to their genotype (group A: mutation class I, II, or III, group B: mutation class IV, V). Results: CF patients (group A and B together) have significantly lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p < 0.007) and linoleic acid (LA) (p < 0.0001) and higher dihomogammalinolenic acid (DHGLA) (p < 0.0001), oleic acid (OA) (p < 0.0001) and Mead acid (MA) (p < 0.0001), resulting in an increased ratio of arachidonic acid (AA)/DHA (p < 0.004), MA/AA (p < 0.0001) and OA/LA (p < 0.0001). Compared to group B, group A had a lower LA (p < 0.002) and a higher DHGLA (p < 0.002), 22:4ω–6 (p < 0.03), 22:5ω–6 (p < 0.03) and 20:3ω–9 (p < 0.04). There was however no significant difference between the groups for age, pulmonary function, nutritional status and vitamin E concentration. There was no relation of serum FA composition with nutritional status, caloric intake, pancreatic function, gender, pulmonary function, Pseudomonas colonization or diabetes mellitus. In CF with liver disease the DHA was lower than in the patients of the same genotype. Conclusion: FA disturbances are more pronounced in the severe CF genotypes and the presence of CF-related liver disease. Future studies on supplementation should take these parameters into account.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Relation between Fatty Acid Composition and Clinical Status or Genotype in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Biervliet

et al. 2007

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…Indeed, the desaturation activity in the elderly has been a subject for question. In vitro, with the exception of one study (Maniongui et al, 1993) desaturation of fatty acids by the liver was found to decrease at advanced ages in rat (Peluffo & Brenner, 1974;Bordini et al, 1988;Choi et al, 1989;Biagi et al, 1991) and in Latent polyunsaturated fatty acid de®ciency in non-institutionalised elderly women F Babin et al mouse (Bourre et al, 1990). Furthermore, data obtained in vivo in humans using stable isotope labelling have clearly shown that even in healthy adults, the n-6 biosynthesis pathway is very limited, i.e., 1 ± 2% of total conversion (Emken et al, 1994), especially the D5 desaturase step (El Boustani et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differences between polyunsaturated fatty acid status of non-institutionalised elderly women and younger controls: a bioconversion defect can be suspected

Babin¹,

Abderrazik

Favier

et al. 1999

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To evaluate the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status in non-institutionalised elderly women and to detect a possible essential fatty acid bioconversion defect. Design and subjects: The fatty acid composition of total plasma lipids, plasma triglycerides (TG), cholesterol esters (CE), phospholipids (PL), and erythrocytes was determined by capillary column gas-liquid chromatography in a sample of 200 non-institutionalised healthy elderly women over 75 years of age. The data were compared with those of a control group of 50 young female volunteers aged 20 ± 48 y. Results: In elderly women, the n-6 series precursor, linoleic acid (18:2 n-6), was lower in TG and CE (P 0.029 and 0.014, respectively). In CE, this fatty acid was highly correlated with vegetable and vegetal fat intakes (P`0.0001), suggesting a lower dietary supply than in controls. Higher percentages of 16:1 n-7 were found in all the plasma lipid fractions in elderly women, especially in CE (P`0.0001). The ratios 20:4 n-6a20:3 n-6 and 22:6 n-3a20:5 n-3 were signi®cantly lower in PL from elderly women (P`0.005 and P`0.002, respectively), raising the question of the ef®ciency of the terminal steps of 20:4 n-6 and 22:6 n-3 biosynthesis. Dietary investigations in elderly women indicated that a high dietary protein intake via meat probably contributed to the supply of 20:4 n-6 and thus maintained the status of this fatty acid, despite the suspected altered biosynthesis. Conclusion: The PUFA status in the elderly women group could be more fragile and dependent on exogenous supply of long-chain PUFAs than previously suspected. Descriptors: non-institutionalised elderly women; polyunsaturated fatty acid; D5 desaturase; peroxisomal b oxidation; de®ciency; plasma lipid fractions; erythrocyte; capillary gas-chromatography

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“…In contrast, the adult rat liver does convert LNA to DHA, but at a rate sufficient to convert ,2% of the total LNA that enters the liver per unit time, with the majority (.70%) of the entering LNA being lost to b-oxidation; and similar results were obtained in both the presence and the absence of dietary DHA (40,42). In these studies, adult rat liver production of DHA is elevated 3-fold in the absence of dietary DHA and the rate of liver-to-plasma secretion of synthesized DHA exceeds the replacement rate for brain DHA losses by 10-fold, suggesting that LNA metabolism is able to approach the DHA demands of the adult brain (42,43).Although the above intravenous infusion studies provide kinetically accurate rates for DHA biosynthesis/accretion in adult rat tissues at a fixed time period and physiological state, they do not take into account the large changes over time in DHA degradative losses, biosynthesis, and the resulting net accretion found in growing neonatal animals (43)(44)(45)(46)(47). This can only be truly examined using experiments that can follow the total accumulation of DHA over a prolonged period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the above intravenous infusion studies provide kinetically accurate rates for DHA biosynthesis/accretion in adult rat tissues at a fixed time period and physiological state, they do not take into account the large changes over time in DHA degradative losses, biosynthesis, and the resulting net accretion found in growing neonatal animals (43)(44)(45)(46)(47). This can only be truly examined using experiments that can follow the total accumulation of DHA over a prolonged period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid from alpha-linolenic acid in young rats

DeMar

DiMartino

Baca

et al. 2008

Journal of Lipid Research

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Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a crucial nervous system n-3 PUFA, may be obtained in the diet or synthesized in vivo from dietary a-linolenic acid (LNA). We addressed whether DHA synthesis is regulated by the availability of dietary DHA in artificially reared rat pups, during p8 to p28 development. Over 20 days, one group of rat pups was continuously fed deuterium-labeled LNA (d5-LNA) and no other n-3 PUFA (d5-LNA diet), and a second group of rat pups was fed a d5-LNA diet with unlabeled DHA (d5-LNA 1 DHA diet). The rat pups were then euthanized, and the total amount of deuterium-labeled docosahexaenoic acid (d5-DHA) (synthesized DHA) as well as other n-3 fatty acids present in various body tissues, was quantified. In the d5-LNA 1 DHA group, the presence of dietary DHA led to a marked decrease (3-to 5-fold) in the total amount of d5-DHA that accumulated in all tissues that we examined, except in adipose. Overall, DHA accretion from d5-DHA was generally diminished by availability of dietary preformed DHA, inasmuch as this was found to be the predominant source of tissue DHA. When preformed DHA was unavailable, d5-DHA and unlabeled DHA were preferentially accreted in some tissues along with a net loss of unlabeled DHA from other organs.-DeMar, Jr., J. C., C. DiMartino, A. W. Baca, W. Lefkowitz, and N. Salem, Jr. Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid from alpha-linolenic acid in young rats. J. Lipid Res. 2008Res. . 49: 1963Res. -1980 Supplementary key words essential fatty acids • lipid metabolism • early development • infant formula composition Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) is an n-3 PUFA that is particularly enriched in the phospholipids of cells constituting the mammalian nervous system (1, 2). Functionally, DHA enhances membrane elasticity and molecular motion and thus promotes signal transduction via enhanced protein/receptor interactions (3-6). DHA is also the activating ligand for multiple transcriptional factors that control the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis and b-oxidation (7). DHA may be directly obtained in the diet, as preformed DHA, or synthesized in vivo from other common dietary n-3 PUFAs such as a-linolenic acid (LNA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), or docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-3) (8). All of these n-3 PUFAs may be converted in vivo to DHA through sequential steps of elongation, desaturation, and peroxisomal b-oxidation (9). Prolonged dietary deprivation of all n-3 PUFAs in rat pups, initiated prior to weaning, depletes up to 80% of their brain DHA (10-12). Such depletion of brain DHA in rodents leads to distinct impairments in brain function (11,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Piglets and monkeys also show impaired neural function when deprived of n-3 PUFA for an extended period during infancy (18,19). The essentiality of DHA for human infant nutrition in support of neuronal function has been shown by DHA supplementation, enhancing visual acuity and cognition-related test scores in human infants (20)(21)(2...

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Age‐related changes in Δ6 and Δ5 desaturase activities in rat liver microsomes

Cited by 57 publications

References 23 publications

Relation between Fatty Acid Composition and Clinical Status or Genotype in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Relation between Fatty Acid Composition and Clinical Status or Genotype in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Differences between polyunsaturated fatty acid status of non-institutionalised elderly women and younger controls: a bioconversion defect can be suspected

Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid on biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid from alpha-linolenic acid in young rats

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