Age-related differences in muscle recruitment and reaction-time performance

Arnold, Pauline; Vantieghem, Stijn; Gorus, Ellen; Lauwers, Elien; Fierens, Yves; Pool-Goudzwaard, Annelies; Bautmans, Ivan

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.005

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This study extends our previous investigations where participants and measurement procedures have been described in detail (Arnold et al, 2015;Bautmans et al, 2011). Here data from sixty-four community-dwelling elderly (32 males and 32 females, aged respectively 79.6 ± 4.1 and 79.6 ± 4.9 years) were analysed (see Table 1).…”

Section: Participantssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…We recently found an association between circulating cytokines and contractile muscle properties (twitch force) during a fatigue protocol, in healthy community dwelling elderly (Arnold et al, 2017). In another study we provided evidence for the presence of an early antagonist muscle coactivation in community-dwelling elderly during a reaction time (RT) test, using fast dynamic movements (Arnold et al, 2015). From a mechanical point of view, this early antagonist coactivation may counteract the agonist muscle, resulting in delay in start of the movement, longer RT and reduced net force production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Reaction time in healthy elderly is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and advanced glycation end product

Arnold

Njemini

Vantieghem

et al. 2018

Experimental Gerontology

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Chronic inflammation and Advanced Glycation End products (AGE) are associated with sarcopenia. Decreased voluntary muscle activation and increased antagonist coactivation can contribute to age-related muscle weakness. The influence of chronic inflammation and AGE in these neuromuscular mechanisms is not clear. We studied whether a relation exists between circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and AGEs as well as the interplay between agonist and antagonist muscle activation. We studied 64 community-dwelling old subjects, during a maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) and a reaction-time (RT) test of the upper limb. Twenty-five circulating inflammatory biomarkers were determined. Linear regression showed significant relationships between chronic inflammation and six muscle activation parameters. MIP-1β showed a significant negative relation with antagonist coactivation (during MVC) and antagonist muscle activity during pre-movement time (PMT) and movement time (MT) (during RT). A higher level of pentosidine (AGE) was predictive for a longer PMT. We conclude that in older relatively healthy persons antagonist muscle activation is influenced by chronic inflammation, contributing to age-related muscle weakness. Our results also suggest a mechanical and inflammatory influence of pentosidine in upper limb slowing of movement. These findings show novel insight in underlying mechanisms of age-related muscle weakness.

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Section: Participantssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Reaction time in healthy elderly is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and advanced glycation end product

Arnold

Njemini

Vantieghem

et al. 2018

Experimental Gerontology

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“…Reaction time is defined as the amount of time required to initiate motor response to a stimulus [ 34 ]. It is a component of neuromuscular control [ 35 ], and a faster muscle reaction time suggests earlier muscle recruitment for joint stability [ 36 , 37 ]. Knee joint stability is affected by co-activation and neuromuscular control of ligaments and muscles of the knee joint such as the ACL, quadriceps, hamstrings, and triceps surae [ 10 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Triceps Surae Muscles in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Matched Case-Control Study

Rhim

Lee

Han

et al. 2020

JCM

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A limited number of studies has investigated the gastrocnemius and soleus in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study investigated the muscle strength (Nm kg−1 × 100) and reaction time (acceleration time (AT), milliseconds) of thigh and calf muscles in patients undergoing ACLR. Thirty-two patients with ACLR and 32 normal control subjects were included. One year postoperatively, the strength of thigh muscles was significantly reduced after ACLR compared with that of controls (hamstring: 80 ± 31.3 vs. 142 ± 26.4, p < 0.001, quadriceps: 159 ± 63.7 vs. 238 ± 35.3, p < 0.001). However, the strength of calf muscles was not significantly different compared with that of controls (gastrocnemius: 77 ± 22.9 vs. 81 ± 22.5, p = 0.425, soleus: 54 ± 15.9 vs. 47 ± 16.1, p = 0.109). The AT of calf muscles was significantly faster after ACLR than that of controls (gastrocnemius: 26 ± 9.8 vs. 31 ± 9, p = 0.030, soleus: 18 ± 6.7 vs. 22 ± 8.5, p = 0.026). The AT of thigh muscles was significantly elongated after ACLR than that of controls (hamstring: 72 ± 18 vs. 55 ± 12.4, p < 0.001, quadriceps: 63 ± 17.6 vs. 47 ± 17, p < 0.000). The strength of thigh muscles was reduced, and the ATs of thigh muscles were slower one year after ACLR. However, the AT of the triceps surae was faster than that of controls. This may implicate a compensatory mechanism of the triceps surae for the weakness and delayed activation in hamstring and quadriceps muscles.

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“…Muscle reaction can be de ned as the muscle recruitment capacity for joint stability while performing a functional task; [29,30] thus, rapid muscle reaction time is an important factor for increased joint stability. [30,31] The quadriceps, hamstring, and GCM muscles all contribute to the stability of the knee joint. Lloyd & Buchanan reported that the co-contraction of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles directly supports the valgus/varus moments at the knee joint.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study of the muscle strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles in patients with plantar fasciitis

Lee

Jang

2020

Preprint

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Background: Muscle weakness has been reported to be an important etiological factor in plantar fasciitis (PF), but the data available in the quadriceps, hamstring, gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles is limited . The aim of the study was to compare the strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles and foot pressure between patients with PF and normal controls. Methods: 21 PF patients and 21 normal controls were registered. Muscle strength was measured by the peak torque per body weight (Nm kg−1 × 100). Muscle reaction time was evaluated by the acceleration time (AT, milliseconds). Foot pressure and posture were assessed by pedobarography [valgus/varus index (VV index), %].Results: The strength of the quadriceps was significantly decreased in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (p=0.005). The AT of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles was significantly increased in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (quadriceps: p=0.012, hamstring: p=0.001), while the AT of the GCM muscle was significantly decreased (p=0.009) and was significantly negatively correlated with quadriceps muscle strength (r=-.598, p = .004) and AT (r=-.472, p=.031). Forefoot (p=0.001) and hindfoot (p=0.000) pressure were significantly greater, with the VV index showing hindfoot valgus, in the affected ankles of the PF group when compared to those of the control group (p=0.039).Conclusion: This study demonstrated weakness and delayed reaction time of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles, with a rapid reaction time of the GCM muscle, in PF patients. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians and therapists should assess the function of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles when planning the management of PF patients without muscle tightness.

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Age-related differences in muscle recruitment and reaction-time performance

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Reaction time in healthy elderly is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and advanced glycation end product

Reaction time in healthy elderly is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and advanced glycation end product

Role of the Triceps Surae Muscles in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Matched Case-Control Study

A prospective study of the muscle strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles in patients with plantar fasciitis

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