Age-Specific Survival in Five Populations of Ungulates: Evidence of Senescence

Loison, Anne; Festa‐Bianchet, Marco; Gaillard, Jean‐Michel; Jorgenson, Jon T.; Jullien, Jérôme

doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[2539:assifp]2.0.co;2

Cited by 406 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…To test for cohort effects on the probability of weaning a lamb, we built generalized mixed effects models, including three maternal age classes ( prime-aged ¼ 2 -7 years; old ¼ 8 -13; senescent ¼ 14þ) as a fixed effect [38]. Current year was added as a random effect to account for annual variability in survival and reproduction due to current environment.…”

Section: (D) Probability Of Weaning a Lambmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term fitness consequences of early environment in a long-lived ungulate

Pigeon¹,

Festa‐Bianchet²,

Pelletier³

2017

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Cohort effects can be a major source of heterogeneity and play an important role in population dynamics. Silver-spoon effects, when environmental quality at birth improves future performance regardless of the adult environment, can induce strong lagged responses on population growth. Alternatively, the external predictive adaptive response (PAR) hypothesis predicts that organisms will adjust their developmental trajectory and physiology during early life in anticipation of expected adult conditions but has rarely been assessed in wild species. We used over 40 years of detailed individual monitoring of bighorn ewes (Ovis canadensis) to quantify longterm cohort effects on survival and reproduction. We then tested both the silver-spoon and the PAR hypotheses. Cohort effects involved a strong interaction between birth and current environments: reproduction and survival were lowest for ewes that were born and lived at high population densities. This interaction, however, does not support the PAR hypothesis because individuals with matching high-density birth and adult environments had reduced fitness. Instead, individuals born at high density had overall lower lifetime fitness suggesting a silver-spoon effect. Early-life conditions can induce long-term changes in fitness components, and their effects on cohort fitness vary according to adult environment.

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Section: (D) Probability Of Weaning a Lambmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term fitness consequences of early environment in a long-lived ungulate

Pigeon¹,

Festa‐Bianchet²,

Pelletier³

2017

Proc. R. Soc. B.

Self Cite

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“…We also tested models with a continuous effect of age as senescence can also be realistically described by a linear decrease of survival with age on a log scale (Gompertz models) (e.g. Loison et al 1999;Gaillard et al 2004). Models were implemented with a logit link, which has been shown to be a good approximation of the Gompertz model (Loison et al 1999;Viallefont 2011).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loison et al 1999;Gaillard et al 2004). Models were implemented with a logit link, which has been shown to be a good approximation of the Gompertz model (Loison et al 1999;Viallefont 2011). In those models, the rate of senescence was the slope from the linear function between survival rates and age with a logistic link.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific survival and annual variation in survival of female chamois differ between populations

et al. 2015

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In many species, population dynamics are shaped by age-structured demographic parameters, such as survival, which can cause age-specific sensitivity to environmental conditions. Accordingly, we can expect populations with different age-specific survival to be differently affected by environmental variation. However, this hypothesis is rarely tested at the intra-specific level. Using capture-mark-recapture models, we quantified age-specific survival and the extent of annual variations in survival of females of alpine chamois in two sites. In one population, survival was very high (>0.94; Bauges, France) until the onset of senescence at approximately 7 years old, whereas the two other populations (Swiss National Park, SNP) had a later onset (12 years old) and a lower rate of senescence. Senescence patterns are therefore not fixed within species. Annual variation in survival was higher in the Bauges (SD = 0.26) compared to the SNP populations (SD = 0.20). Also, in each population, the age classes with the lowest survival also experienced the largest temporal variation, in accordance with inter-specific comparisons showing a greater impact of environmental variation on these age classes. The large difference between the populations in age-specific survival and variation suggests that environmental variation and climate change will affect these populations differently.

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“…Gaillard et al 1997;Jorgenson et al 1997;Loison et al 1999; but see Graham and Lambin 2002;Ozgul et al 2006). Although bats constitute up to 20% of all mammal species (over 1,100 species described world-wide to date), their demography is poorly known, and the survival of only a few of them has been systematically studied (see review by O'Shea et al 2004 for earlier studies; Pryde et al 2005;Frick et al 2007;Schaub et al 2007;Papadatou et al 2009;Schorcht et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing survival in a multi-population system: a case study on bat populations

et al. 2010

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In long-lived animals, adult survival is among the most important determinants of population dynamics. Although it may show considerable variation both in time and among populations and sites, a single survival estimate per species is often used in comparative evolutionary studies or in conservation management to identify threatened populations. We estimated adult survival of the isabelline serotine bat Eptesicus isabellinus using capture-recapture data collected on six maternity colonies scattered over a large area (distance 8-103 km) during periods varying from 8 to 26 years. We modelled temporal and inter-colony variations as random effects in a Bayesian framework and estimated mean annual adult survival of females on two scales and a single survival value across all colonies. On a coarse scale, we grouped colonies according to two different habitat types and investigated the effect on survival. A difference in adult survival was detected between the two habitat types [posterior mean of annual survival probability 0.71; 95% credible interval (CI) 0.51-0.86 vs. 0.60; 0.28-0.89], but it was not statistically supported. On a fine scale, survival of the six colonies ranged between 0.58 (95% CI 0.23-0.92) and 0.81 (0.73-0.88), with variation between only two colonies being statistically supported. Overall survival was 0.72 (95% CI 0.57-0.93) with important inter-colony variability (on a logit scale 0.98; 95% CI 0.00-8.16). Survival varied temporally in a random fashion across colonies. Our results show that inference based solely on single colonies should be treated with caution and that a representative unbiased estimate of survival for any species should ideally be based on multiple populations.

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Age-Specific Survival in Five Populations of Ungulates: Evidence of Senescence

Cited by 406 publications

References 75 publications

Long-term fitness consequences of early environment in a long-lived ungulate

Long-term fitness consequences of early environment in a long-lived ungulate

Age-specific survival and annual variation in survival of female chamois differ between populations

Assessing survival in a multi-population system: a case study on bat populations

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