Age-Structure Relationships of Trees Species in an Appalachian Oak Forest in Southwest Virginia

Sharik, Terry L.; Ross, Malcolm; Smith, D. W.

doi:10.2307/2995975

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…At the lake and stand level, both age and size frequency distributions were calculated. In long-lived tree species, both static and cumulative age and size distri-POPULATION DYNAMICS OF FRAXINUS NIGRA butions have been used to infer populations dynamics (Henry and Swan 1974, Lorimer 1980, Ross et al 1982, Knowles and Grant 1983, Parker and Peet 1984, Glitzenstein et al 1986, Butson et al 1987, Platt et al 1988, Payette et al 1990, Palik and Pregitzer 1992, Tyrell and Crow 1994. It is broadly accepted that stable populations present an inverted-''J''-shaped distribution characterized by a declining density with increasing age or size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Dynamics of Fraxinus nigra in Response to Flood-Level Variations, in Northwestern Quebec

Tardif¹,

Bergeron²

1999

Ecological Monographs

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Population dynamics of black ash (Fraxinus nigra) were investigated in five stands with different exposures to spring flooding at the southwestern limit of Québec's boreal forest. Fifty-four 100-m 2 plots were sampled along 25 transects laid out perpendicular to Lake Duparquet. In each plot, all black ash Ͼ5 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) were aged using dendrochronological methods. An age-height regression was used to calculate the age of those individuals Ͻ5 cm in dbh. Stump sprouts had a significantly faster height and diameter growth rate than individuals established from sexual origin. Two stands in this study showed deficits in sexual recruitment. One stand, located on a deep organic layer, also showed recent colonization by F. nigra that may have started during the 1930s. This stand had the highest stem density, and sprouting was restricted to the younger age classes. Ordination analysis of dispersion indices characterizing the age distribution of F. nigra indicated a definite pattern toward higher sexual recruitment in plots and stands that were less exposed to flooding. In contrast, poor sexual recruitment was observed on more exposed sites. However, this situation was compensated for by abundant vegetative recruitment. Analysis of the periods of growth release and suppression of 153 trees revealed that F. nigra population dynamics are not regulated by major disturbance events. A general upward trend in radial growth and F. nigra expansion toward higher elevation sites observed since the end of the 19th century may be due to changes in Lake Duparquet's hydrological regime. Increases in the severity of flooding events may result in the decrease in seedling abundance observed in the more exposed stands. F. nigra populations were found to be resistant to long-term natural water fluctuations due to their ability to regenerate both by seeds and by sprouts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Dynamics of Fraxinus nigra in Response to Flood-Level Variations, in Northwestern Quebec

Tardif¹,

Bergeron²

1999

Ecological Monographs

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“…If a relationship between size (usually diameter) and age of trees can be established, size class frequency distributions can be used to infer age structures and, ultimately, to assess the population dynamics offorests (e.g., Harcombe andMarks 1978, Lorimer 1980). However, few studies have emphasized detailed age structure analysis, and age information has often been gathered from large tracts of forest (Hibbs 1979, Ross et al 1982, Knowles and Grant 1983. The interpretation of age structures (and size structures) gathered in this way is difficult because of variability in growth rates caused by differences in stand structure and environment (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Dynamics of a Montane Conifer Forest, Western Cascade Range, Oregon, USA

Stewart¹

1986

Ecology

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Abs~ract. Size and age structure were used to reconstruct the population dynamics of two forested stan~s m ~he western <;ascade Range, Oregon, US~. Tre~s with different growth rates and size-age relatiOnships occ':'rred m the same stand. The relationships between diameter and age of 939 aged t~ees o~ four specres; ~lth~ugh stat~stically significant, were often weak. Data on both age and spatial dispersion adde~ cntical mformation on stand dynamics not available from size alone.. The population Stf';'Ctures and regeneration patterns described were strongly influenced by natural disturbances and speci~s' life hi~tory characteristics. Periodic fires of variable intensity and extent ~ave produced a n;tosaic of relative_ly even-a~ed patches of different conifer species. The early estabhshment and domm~nc~ by a_ species on a Site was a determinant of subsequent forest regeneration. I~ ~seudotsug_a menz1esu dommated early, regeneration of Tsuga heterophyl/a, and often Abies amabllls, was rapid. If, however, Tsuga heterophylla established first, further regeneration of other species was absent or minimal until canopy openings formed.

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“…In the Lake States and mid-Atlantic regions, Prunus serotina has potential in this regard (Reich et al, 1990; Abrams and Nowacki, 1992). In the mid-Atlantic region, south of A saccharum's range, Nyssa sylvatica may be a future overstory dominant in current oak forests (Ross et al, 1982;Farrell and Ware, 1991;Orwig and Abrams, 1994 (table IV).…”

Section: Maple-beech-basswoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, historical development and ecophysiological attributes of oak species in the eastern United States

Abrams

1996

Ann. For. Sci.

101

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Summary — Approximately 30 Quercus (oak) species occur in the eastern United States, of which Q alba, Q rubra, Q velutina, Q coccinea, Q stellata and Q prinus are among the most dominant. Quercus distribution greatly increased at the beginning of the Holocene epoch (10 000 years BP), but has exhibited major changes since European settlement in the 18th and 19th centuries. For example, large-scale increases in Quercus species have occurred as a result of fire exclusion in the central tallgrass prairie and savanna regions. In the northern conifer and hardwood forests of New England and the Lake States region, Q rubra exhibited a dramatic increase following early logging and fire. Quercus species have also increased in the mid-Atlantic region from land-clearing, the charcoal iron industry and the eradication of Castanea dentata following European settlement. Studies of the dendroecology and successional dynamics of several old-growth forests indicate that prior to European settlement Quercus grew and regenerated in uneven-aged conditions. At times oak growth was very slow (< 1.0 mm/year) for long periods, which is usually characteristic of highly shade-tolerant species. Quercus

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Age-Structure Relationships of Trees Species in an Appalachian Oak Forest in Southwest Virginia

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Population Dynamics of Fraxinus nigra in Response to Flood-Level Variations, in Northwestern Quebec

Population Dynamics of Fraxinus nigra in Response to Flood-Level Variations, in Northwestern Quebec

Population Dynamics of a Montane Conifer Forest, Western Cascade Range, Oregon, USA

Distribution, historical development and ecophysiological attributes of oak species in the eastern United States

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