Age-Varying Links Between Violence Exposure and Behavioral, Mental, and Physical Health

Russell, Michael A.; Vasilenko, Sara A.; Lanza, Stephanie T.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.03.038

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Numerous studies have documented that mental health problems may follow exposure to violence during adolescence (Moed, Gershoff, & Bringewatt, 2017; Russell, Vasilenko, & Lanza, 2016). The results from a meta-analysis on the outcomes of exposure to community violence found a strong link specifically with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (Fowler, Tompsett, Braciszewski, Jacques-Tiura, & Baltes, 2009).…”

Section: Exposure To Violence Posttraumatic Stress and Negative Affective Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach

2020

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The current study examines the immediate and short-term impact of daily exposure to community violence on same-day and next-day levels of posttraumatic stress symptomatology and various affective states (i.e., dysphoria, hostility, and anxiety), in a sample of 268 African American adolescents living in urban, low-income, high-violence neighborhoods (Mage = 11.65; 59% female). In addition, the moderating role of affective state variability on this relationship was examined. This study utilized experience sampling method and a daily sampling approach, which contributes a more robust investigation of the short-term effects of violence exposure in youth. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that community violence exposure was positively associated with same-day and next-day symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Violence exposure also exhibited an immediate effect on dysphoria, anxiety, and hostility levels. Youth variability in dysphoria exacerbated the effect of violence exposure on concurrent or next-day posttraumatic stress, dysphoria, and hostility. Moreover, variability in anxiety and hostility exacerbated the experience of next-day hostility. The clinical implications relating to these findings, such as the importance of implementing screening for posttraumatic stress following exposure, the incorporation of preventative treatments among those at risk of exposure, and the targeting of emotion regulation in treatments with adolescents, are discussed.

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Section: Exposure To Violence Posttraumatic Stress and Negative Affective Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach

2020

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“…As such, TVEM can be used to address questions about how hypothesized risk and protective factors are differentially associated with psychopathology at distinct ages throughout the life span. To date, TVEM has been used to examine age-varying associations between depressive symptoms and several other risk behaviors across adolescence and young adulthood (Evans-Polce, Vasilenko, & Lanza, 2015; Russell, Vasilenko, & Lanza, 2016; Vasilenko & Lanza, 2014), but it has yet to be applied to coping.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This statistical flexibility presents a major advantage to other parametric approaches that impose strong assumptions about how change between predictors and outcomes may occur across different ages (e.g., linear), which may not be accurate to the true nature of how the relationship changes. Prior developmental studies applying TVEM to examine how the relationship between depressive symptoms and risk behaviors differ across adolescence and young adulthood all have identified nonparametric functions (Evans-Polce et al, 2015; Russell et al, 2016; Vasilenko & Lanza, 2014). It may be likely, therefore, that the age-varying relationships between coping strategies and depressive symptoms also are nonparametric.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-varying associations between coping and depressive symptoms throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood

2018

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The objective of the current study was to apply the novel technique of time-varying effect modeling to examine age-varying associations between specific coping strategies and depressive symptoms across adolescence and emerging adulthood (ages 14-24). The participants were drawn from a community sample and followed across 4 years of high school and once 5 years postgraduation (N = 1,251, 53% female, 58% non-Hispanic White). Coping and depressive symptom questionnaires were administered across all data collection time points. Time-varying effect modeling used all available data (N = 5,651 measurement occasions) and adjusted for gender. Venting emotions and denial were associated with more depressive symptoms at a similar magnitude across adolescence and emerging adulthood. A positive association between problem solving oriented strategies (planning, active coping) and depressive symptoms was not observed until age 17.5, after which the magnitude of the association strengthened. More frequent instrumental and emotional support seeking were linked to fewer depressive symptoms between ages 18.8 and 23.6. More frequent use of humor was associated with greater depressive symptoms from ages 14.0 to 14.6, but with fewer depressive symptoms from ages 16.8 to 18.8. The findings illuminate when and how associations between specific coping strategies and depressive symptoms may emerge and change across developmental age, generating both theoretical and clinical implications.

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“…The use of TVEM to examine associations as a flexible function of developmental age has only recently been explored (see Dziak, Li, Zimmerman, & Buu, 2014; Evans-Polce, Vasilenko, & Lanza, 2015; Russell, Vasilenko, & Lanza, in press; Schuler, Vasilenko, & Lanza, 2015; Vasilenko & Lanza, 2014). As an example, one study estimated the prevalence of sexual risk behavior and the age-varying effect of depression, a key risk factor that has been linked to sexual risk, from adolescence through early adulthood (Vasilenko & Lanza, 2014).…”

Section: Study II Developmental Time: the Etiology Of Marijuana Use mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-varying effect modeling to address new questions in behavioral research: Examples in marijuana use.

Lanza¹,

Vasilenko²,

Russell³

2016

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Time-varying effect modeling (TVEM), a statistical approach that enables researchers to estimate dynamic associations between variables across time, holds enormous potential to advance behavioral research. TVEM can address innovative questions about processes that unfold across different levels of time. We present a conceptual introduction to the approach and demonstrate four innovative ways to approach time in TVEM to advance research on the etiology of marijuana use. First, we examine changes in associations across historical time to understand how the link between marijuana use attitudes and marijuana use behavior has shifted from 1976 to present; gender differences in the relevance of attitudes diminished over time and were no longer significant after 2004. Second, we examine age-varying associations between heavy episodic drinking and marijuana use across developmental time and demonstrate that this dynamic association is substantially stronger during ages 14 to 16 compared to later ages. Third, we explore the complex association between age of onset of marijuana use and adult marijuana use to identify precise age ranges during which the onset of use is most risky, and demonstrate how this complex association is more salient for males. Finally, we examine changes in marijuana use as a function of time relative to the birth of first child and show how this transition is more crucial for females. All empirical examples in this methodological demonstration rely on existing data from cross-sectional or panel studies. We conclude with thoughts on future directions for the application and further development of TVEM in behavioral research.

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Age-Varying Links Between Violence Exposure and Behavioral, Mental, and Physical Health

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach

Violence exposure, posttraumatic stress, and affect variability among African American Youth: A time sampling approach

Age-varying associations between coping and depressive symptoms throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood

Time-varying effect modeling to address new questions in behavioral research: Examples in marijuana use.

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