Ageing impairs parasite‐specific antibody responses in cystic echinococcosis

Mourglia‐Ettlin, Gustavo; Miles, Sebastián; Hernández, Ana; Dematteis, Sylvia

doi:10.1111/pim.12505

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The differences observed in serum recognition of proteins from the “short” and “long” stages suggest that different antigenic proteins are expressed in EGPE over time, or that differences are a function of the immunological response elicited by the parasite as the disease evolves . These findings support the need for further characterization of protein identity and diversity in each of the reactive bands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection by using extracts derived from a protoscoleces G1 cell line

Maglioco

Gentile²,

Venturi

et al. 2019

Parasite Immunology

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Cystic echinococcosis (CE), also called hydatidosis, is a zoonotic parasitosis worldwide distributed 1 caused by the larval stage (metacestode) of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. This hermaphrodite worm develops in the intestine of domestic and wild canids, and then its gravid proglottid releases the eggs to the faeces, contaminating the environment. The eggs ingested by the intermediate host hatch in the duodenum, and the oncosphere then penetrates the intestinal wall, migrates, and becomes trapped in the host's organs, where it becomes metacestode. The parasite's cycle is accomplished when the infected organ from the intermediate host is ingested by the definitive host (canids). 2 Humans, as intermediate accidental hosts, who are more exposed to the infection in unsanitary conditions, develop a parasitic disease involving the encystment of the larvae in different organs (the liver in 70%-80% of the cases, the lungs in 20%-30% of the cases and other organs with lower frequency), 3 resulting in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Mitochondrial DNA has so far allowed identifying eight Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotypes (G1, G3-G8, and G10). 4,5 Four of these genotypes, G1 in sheep, G5 in cattle, G6 in camelids and G7 in swine, have been detected in Argentina. 4 Abstract Cystic echinococcosis (CE) can be diagnosed by means of several serological approaches, but their results vary among laboratories due to the molecular characteristics of the reference antigens used. Thus, this study aimed to address both the relevance of an EGPE cell line previously obtained from Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces G1 and the complexity of the immune response by using two different in vitro growth stages as separate sources of parasite antigens. The serum reactivity was investigated by western blotting (WB) in 21 CE patients from an endemic area in a matched case-control design and also in seven experimentally infected sheep and five healthy control sheep. EGPE-antigen-human serum sensitivity by WB was higher than that of hydatid fluid (HF) WB, ELISA and DD5 (P < .05, Chi-square test). EGPE protein extract was immunogenic in mice and hyperimmune plasma reacted with HF proteins, and AgB2 expression was detected by molecular analysis. Proteins of 37 to 60 kDa were recognized by 95.24% of the CE patients' sera but, with poor specificity. Statistically significant differences were found between serum protein extract recognition at 7 and 20 days of cell growth. The EGPE cell line is a laboratory source of antigens for improvement of CE serological diagnosis. K E Y W O R D S cell line extract, Cystic echinococcosis, human, immunoblot, parasite, sera, sheep

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection by using extracts derived from a protoscoleces G1 cell line

Maglioco

Gentile²,

Venturi

et al. 2019

Parasite Immunology

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“…Thus, these humoral defects could at least partially explain the reported increase in CE prevalence among older individuals, as a weaker immune response in the older adult might facilitate the establishment and maintenance of the parasite infection. And in another study, the author founded that is probable that helminth infections in the older adult population can intensify the immunosenescence outcomes due to the synergistic immunoregulatory effects of each of them ( 25 ). Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on protecting the older adult and increasing the early diagnosis and treatment of such diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence trend and burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from global burden of disease study

Xie

Shi

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveThis study sought to investigate the parasitic diseases of neglected tropical diseases defined by the World Health Organization based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database. Importantly, we analyzed the prevalence and burden of these diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 to provide valuable information to formulate more effective measures for their management and prevention.MethodsData on the prevalence and burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the global health data exchange (GHDx) database, including the absolute number of prevalence, age-standardized prevalence rate, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and age-standardized DALY rate. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence and burden changes, sex and age distribution of various parasitic diseases from 1990 to 2019. A time series model [Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)] was used to predict the DALYs of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 2020 to 2030.ResultsIn 2019, the number of neglected parasitic diseases in China was 152518062, the age-standardized prevalence was 11614.1 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 8758.5–15244.5), the DALYs were 955722, and the age-standardized DALY rate was 54.9 (95% UI 26.0–101.8). Among these, the age-standardized prevalence of soil-derived helminthiasis was the highest (9370.2/100,000), followed by food-borne trematodiases (1502.3/100,000) and schistosomiasis (707.1/100,000). The highest age-standardized DALY rate was for food-borne trematodiases (36.0/100,000), followed by cysticercosis (7.9/100,000) and soil-derived helminthiasis (5.6/100,000). Higher prevalence and disease burden were observed in men and the upper age group. From 1990 to 2019, the number of neglected parasitic diseases in China decreased by 30.4%, resulting in a decline in DALYs of 27.3%. The age-standardized DALY rates of most diseases were decreased, especially for soil-derived helminthiasis, schistosomiasis and food-borne trematodiases. The ARIMA prediction model showed that the disease burden of echinococcosis and cysticercosis exhibited an increasing trend, highlighting the need for further prevention and control.ConclusionAlthough the prevalence and disease burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China have decreased, many issues remain to be addressed. More efforts should be undertaken to improve the prevention and control strategies for different parasitic diseases. The government should prioritize multisectoral integrated control and surveillance measures to prioritize the prevention and control of diseases with a high burden of disease. In addition, the older adult population and men need to pay more attention.

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“…However, several critical cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) of the Th2 response have opposite killing effects on protoscoleces by elevating the levels of NO, which enhances the cytotoxic effect in C57BL/6 mice upon infection ( Amri et al., 2009 ; Mourglia-Ettlin et al., 2016b ). In addition, the sex and age of the hosts are also closely related to worm resistance ( Blancas Mosqueda et al., 2007 ; Mourglia-Ettlin et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host genetic backgrounds: the key to determining parasite-host adaptation

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Parasitic diseases pose a significant threat to global public health, particularly in developing countries. Host genetic factors play a crucial role in determining susceptibility and resistance to infection. Recent advances in molecular and biological technologies have enabled significant breakthroughs in understanding the impact of host genes on parasite adaptation. In this comprehensive review, we analyze the host genetic factors that influence parasite adaptation, including hormones, nitric oxide, immune cells, cytokine gene polymorphisms, parasite-specific receptors, and metabolites. We also establish an interactive network to better illustrate the complex relationship between host genetic factors and parasite-host adaptation. Additionally, we discuss future directions and collaborative research priorities in the parasite-host adaptation field, including investigating the impact of host genes on the microbiome, developing more sophisticated models, identifying and characterizing parasite-specific receptors, utilizing patient-derived sera as diagnostic and therapeutic tools, and developing novel treatments and management strategies targeting specific host genetic factors. This review highlights the need for a comprehensive and systematic approach to investigating the underlying mechanisms of parasite-host adaptation, which requires interdisciplinary collaborations among biologists, geneticists, immunologists, and clinicians. By deepening our understanding of the complex interactions between host genetics and parasite adaptation, we can develop more effective and targeted interventions to prevent and treat parasitic diseases. Overall, this review provides a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians working in the parasitology field and offers insights into the future directions of this critical research area.

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Ageing impairs parasite‐specific antibody responses in cystic echinococcosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection by using extracts derived from a protoscoleces G1 cell line

Detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection by using extracts derived from a protoscoleces G1 cell line

Prevalence trend and burden of neglected parasitic diseases in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from global burden of disease study

Host genetic backgrounds: the key to determining parasite-host adaptation

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