Ageing Mechanisms of Proton Exchange Membrane Used in Fuel Cell Applications

Perrot, C.; Meyer, Gilles; Gonon, Laetitia; Gebel, Gérard

doi:10.1002/fuce.200500090

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The dominant degradation pathway is the addition of HOc to the aromatic ring, usually ortho to the alkyl-or RO-substituent. Studying the degradation of sulfonated aryletherketone in H 2 O 2 , Perrot et al 127 found that ether linkages are much more sensitive to oxidation than ketone linkages. Their degradation leads to polymer chain scission and the formation of both carboxylic and phenol end chains.…”

Section: Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon proton conducting polymers for fuel cell catalyst layers

Péron

Shi

Holdcroft

2011

Energy Environ. Sci.

103

115

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) employing proton conducting membranes are promising power sources for automotive applications. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer represents the state-of-the-art polymer used in both the membrane and catalyst layer to facilitate the transport of protons. However, PFSA ionomer is recognized as having significant drawbacks for largescale commercialization, which include the high cost of synthesis and use of fluorine-based chemistry. According to published research much effort has been directed to the synthesis and study of non-PFSA electrolyte membranes, commonly referred to as hydrocarbon membranes, which has led to optimism that the less expensive proton conducting membranes will be available in the not-so-distant future. Equally important, however, is the replacement of PFSA ionomer in the catalyst layer, but in contrast to membranes, studies of catalyst layers that incorporate a hydrocarbon polyelectrolyte are relatively sparse and have not been reviewed in the open literature; despite the knowledge that hydrocarbon polyelectrolytes in the catalyst layer generally lead to a decrease in electrochemical fuel cell kinetics and mass transport. This review highlights the role of the solid polymer electrolyte in catalyst layers on pertinent parameters associated with fuel cell performance, and focuses on the effect of replacing perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer with hydrocarbon polyelectrolytes. Collectively, this review aims to provide a better understanding of factors that have hindered the transition from PFSA to non-PFSA based catalyst layers.

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Section: Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon proton conducting polymers for fuel cell catalyst layers

Péron

Shi

Holdcroft

2011

Energy Environ. Sci.

103

115

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“…Elemental analysis for C 13 121.8 (C h ); 121.2 (C h' ); 118.4 (C g ); 111.0 (C g' ); 101.6 (C c ); 101.4 (C a ).…”

Section: Dabimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These qualities motivated the choice of polyimides as the polymer backbone of the polymers synthesised in this work. A disadvantage of polyimides is their low resistance to hydrolysis in acidic medium [13], [14]. To overcome this drawback we have chosen dianhydride monomer with the highest hydrolitical stability reported so far [15], [16] Moreover, the synthesis of copolymers might be a promising strategy to join a combination of properties in a single material [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfonated polynaphthalimides with benzimidazole pendant groups

Álvarez-Gallego

Ruffmann

Silva

et al. 2008

Polymer

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A series of new polyimides bearing simultaneously sulfonic acid groups and benzimidazole rings in different proportions has been synthesised by one pot high temperature polycondensation. The composition of the copolymers, as well as the distribution of the ionic sites along the polymer chain, has been changed systematically in order to study their relation with polymer properties. The incorporation of benzimidazole and sulfonic side groups in the structure improves the solubility in polar organic solvents. On turn, the presence of sulfonic acid moieties impairs thermal resistance. Membranes based on the synthesised polyimides were prepared by solution casting and their water uptake as well as proton conductivity were determined.

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“…However, they suffer from rather low water stability, which limits their further development for practical applications. [9][10][11] To improve the PEM performance and especially the water stability of SPIs, novel sulfonated diamines have been developed, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] among which 4,4 0 -bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl-3,3 0 -disulfonic acid (pBAPBDS) and 2,2 0 -or 3,3 0 -bis(3-sulfopropoxy)benzidine (2,2 0 -or 3,3 0 -BSPB) are typical ones. SPIs based on these sulfonated diamines show higher water stability and better fuel-cell performance comparable to that of Nafion 117.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and properties of sulfonated polyimides from homologous sulfonated diamines bearing bis(aminophenoxyphenyl)sulfone

Chen

Yin

Kita

et al. 2007

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Three homologous sulfonated diamines bearing a bis(aminophenoxyphenyl)sulfone structure, namely, bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone-3,3 0 -disulfonic acid (pBAPPS-3DS), bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone-2,2 0 -disulfonic acid (pBAPPS-2DS), and bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)-2-(3-sulfobenzoyl)phenyl]sulfone (pBAPPS-2DSB), were synthesized. A series of sulfonated polyimides (SPIs) were synthesized from 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride, these sulfonated diamines, and nonsulfonated diamines, and their properties were investigated in comparison with those reported for the SPIs from another homologous diamine or bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone-3,3 0 -disulfonic acid (mBAPPS-3DS). These SPIs were soluble in common aprotic solvents and showed reasonably high proton conductivity, except for pBAPPS-2DS-based SPIs, the conductivity of which was slightly lower because of the lower water uptake. The water stability of these SPIs considerably depended on the structure of the sulfonated diamines and was in the order of pBAPPS-2DSB & pBAPPS-2DS > pBAPPS-3DS ) mBAPPS-3DS. Their water stability was much lower than that of the SPIs from 4,4 0 -bis(4-aminophenoxy)biphenyl-3,3 0 -disulfonic acid. The reason was discussed on the basis of the basicity of the sulfonated diamine and the solubility property of the SPIs. V a The data are cited from ref. 17. b With a 0.5 g/dL DMSO (1% LiCl) solution of SPI in the proton form at 35 8C. c Intrinsic viscosity in NMP at 30 8C.

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Ageing Mechanisms of Proton Exchange Membrane Used in Fuel Cell Applications

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

Hydrocarbon proton conducting polymers for fuel cell catalyst layers

Hydrocarbon proton conducting polymers for fuel cell catalyst layers

Sulfonated polynaphthalimides with benzimidazole pendant groups

Synthesis and properties of sulfonated polyimides from homologous sulfonated diamines bearing bis(aminophenoxyphenyl)sulfone

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