“…Based on these advantages, MAS technology has been applied in electric grids for a range of applications, including power system disturbance diagnosis [31], condition monitoring [32], power system restoration [33], market simulation [34,35], power system secondary voltage control [36], power system visualization [37] and automation [38]. Moreover, the technology is maturing to the point where the first MAS are now being migrated from the laboratory to the utilities, allowing industry to gain experience in the use of MAS and also to evaluate their effectiveness [39].…”