Agglomerated serum albumin adsorbed protocatechuic acid coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a theranostic agent

Abstract

Iron oxide nanoparticles have been one of the most widely used nanomaterials in biomedical applications. However, the incomplete understanding of the toxicity mechanisms limits their use in diagnosis and treatment processes. Many parameters are associated with their toxicity such as size, surface modification, solubility, concentration and immunogenicity. Further research needs to be done to address toxicity-related concerns and to increase its effectiveness in various applications. Herein, colloidally stable nanoparticles were prepared by coating magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONPs) with protocatechuic acid (PCA) which served as a stabilizer and a linkage for a further functional layer. A new perfusion agent with magnetic imaging capability was produced by the adsorption of biocompatible passivating agent macro-aggregated albumin (MAA) on the PCA-coated MIONPs. PCA-coated MIONPs were investigated using infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic light scattering while adsorption of MAA was analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. Magnetic measurements of samples indicated that all samples showed superparamagnetic behaviour. Cytotoxicity results revealed that the adsorption of MAA onto PCA-coated MIONPs provided an advantage by diminishing their toxicity against the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line compared to bare Fe3O4.

Highly magnetic hybrid foams based on aligned tannic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers

“…However, previous works suggest that TA could result in a small decrease in M s values due to the formation of a diamagnetic layer around the IONP. 31 The saturation magnetization and density of the hybrid foams in this study were compared to previously fabricated cellulose-IONP hybrid foams/aerogels (Fig. 7b), indicating that lowdensity foams in this study have a M s value comparable to previous works and that the intermediate-density (60 mg cm −3 ) hybrid foams with the highest IONP content (87 wt%) have a M s value signicantly higher than previously reported.…”

Single-Walled (Magnetic) Carbon Nanotubes in a Pectin Matrix in the Design of an Allantoin Delivery System

“…Synthesis of SWCNTs. Single-walled carbon nanotubes were synthesized using the fluidized-bed chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 60 of acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) on magnesium oxide (MgO) powder impregnated with an iron nitrate [Fe(NO 3 ) 3 • 9H 2 O] solution. Briefly, the CVD apparatus consisted of a vertical furnace and a quartz glass tube with a diameter of 3 cm in the middle of a quartz filter.…”

“…Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized and coated with protocatechuic acid (PCA) similar to our previous study . Afterward, mCNTs were prepared by a ligand exchange method.…”

“…Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized and coated with protocatechuic acid (PCA) similar to our previous study. 61 Afterward, mCNTs were prepared by a ligand exchange method. SWCNTs were dispersed for 30 min in 20 mL of THF with the help of an ultrasonic probe.…”

Green synthesis, characterization and drug-loaded iron oxide nanoparticles derived from Nerium oleander flower extract as a nanocarrier for in vitro antibacterial efficacy

“…It has been demonstrated that leveraging the magnetic and biological characteristics of iron oxide nanocarriers to load or bind drugs is a successful strategy for increasing the therapeutic efficacy of these treatments [26,27]. Besides, many drugs have unfavourable properties that can be removed by conjugating to iron oxide nanoparticles, including limited solubility, high toxicity, nonspecific binding, and very short circulation half-lives [28][29][30][31]. Furthermore, these nanocarriers are nontoxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and efficiently removed from the body via iron metabolism [32][33][34].…”