Aggregation Kinetics and Fractal Dimensions of Nanomaterials in Environmental Systems

Saleh, Navid B.; Afrooz, A. R. M. Nabiul; Aich, Nirupam; Plazas-Tuttle, Jaime

doi:10.1002/9781119275855.ch8

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…It is well recognized that toxicity of nanomaterials is often influenced by their colloidal stability in the dispersion media and cell culture media they are exposed to . This colloidal stability refers to the aggregation and sedimentation behavior of the nanomaterials in the media which determine their fate and toxicological consequences .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well recognized that toxicity of nanomaterials is often influenced by their colloidal stability in the dispersion media and cell culture media they are exposed to. 22 This colloidal stability refers to the aggregation and sedimentation behavior of the nanomaterials in the media which determine their fate and toxicological consequences. 23 Such colloidal stability depends on the ionic species (e.g., salts) and biomacromolecules (e.g., proteins) present in the toxicological media as well as on the physicochemical properties of the nanomaterials themselves.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Pulmonary Toxicity of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Nano Zero Valent Iron Nanohybrids and Comparison with Parent Nanomaterial Attributes

Wang

Masud

Aich

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Conjugation of individual nanomaterials to form “nanohybrids” has been the recent focus of advanced material synthesis with the aim to achieve enhanced properties and synergistic functionalities. However, nanohybrids may induce uncertain and unknown biological interactions and toxicological responses that are likely to be unique and altered from their component nanomaterial attributes. In this study, reduced graphene oxide-nanoscale zerovalent iron (rGO-nZVI), a multifunctional nanohybrid with promise for environmental remediation, has been systematically evaluated for in vitro toxicity to human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Careful synthesis of rGO-nZVI was performed by chemical coreduction of graphene oxide (GO) and iron salt precursors, followed by evaluation of their physicochemical properties and colloidal stability in the biological media. A comprehensive assessment of biological interactions and toxicological outcomes of rGO-nZVI and its parent materials, i.e., GO, rGO, and nZVI on BEAS-2B cells included cellular uptake, cell viability, cell membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell cycle analyses. The toxic behavior of rGO-nZVI nanohybrids was found to be in between that of rGO/GO (most toxic) and nZVI (least toxic); however, it was majorly governed by rGO/GO toxicity and its mechanisms. This study sheds light on the importance of sustainable design strategies for the next-generation complex and hierarchical nanostructures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Pulmonary Toxicity of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Nano Zero Valent Iron Nanohybrids and Comparison with Parent Nanomaterial Attributes

Wang

Masud

Aich

et al. 2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Using these experimental approaches, the aggregation mechanisms of nanoplastics and the stability of their ionic strength can be characterized, principally through the critical coagulation concentration (CCC). However, these results can not be extrapolated to environmental systems that are experience continuous spatial and temporal variations of natural features (such as the ionic strength), so they cannot be considered at equilibrium 20,21 . In particular, most land-sea continuum systems that nanoplastics are supposed to pass through are characterized by large salinity gradients and high flow rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main parameters that influence nanoplastic behavior in saline environments are ionic strength, organic matter, and pH. − In typical experiments, a given quantity of salt, such as NaCl or CaCl 2 , is added to a dilute dispersion of nanoplastics, and their aggregation is monitored as soon as the salt concentration becomes homogeneous. , Using these experimental approaches, the aggregation mechanisms of nanoplastics and the stability of their ionic strength can be characterized, principally through the critical coagulation concentration (CCC). However, these results cannot be extrapolated to environmental systems that are experiencing continuous spatial and temporal variations of natural features (such as the ionic strength), so they cannot be considered at equilibrium. , In particular, most land–sea continuum systems that nanoplastics are supposed to pass through are characterized by large salinity gradients (SGs) and high flow rates. These two parameters are never investigated together to evaluate the fate of nanoplastics in the estuarine systems, since they cannot be jointly incorporated and controlled in classical experimental setups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these results cannot be extrapolated to environmental systems that are experiencing continuous spatial and temporal variations of natural features (such as the ionic strength), so they cannot be considered at equilibrium. 20,21 In particular, most land−sea continuum systems that nanoplastics are supposed to pass through are characterized by large salinity gradients (SGs) and high flow rates. These two parameters are never investigated together to evaluate the fate of nanoplastics in the estuarine systems, since they cannot be jointly incorporated and controlled in classical experimental setups.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Fate Modeling of Nanoplastics in a Salinity Gradient Using a Lab-on-a-Chip: Where Does the Nanoscale Fraction of Plastic Debris Accumulate?

Venel

Tabuteau

Pradel

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The aim of this study is to demonstrate how the flow and diffusion of nanoplastics through a salinity gradient, as observed in mangrove swamps, influence their aggregation pathways. These two parameters have never yet been used to evaluate the fate and behavior of colloids in the environment, since they cannot be incorporated into classical experimental setups. Landsea continuums, such as estuaries and mangrove swamp systems, are known to be environmentally reactive interfaces that influence the colloidal distribution of pollutants. Using a microfluidic approach to reproduce the salinity gradient, and its dynamics, the results show that nanoplastics arriving in a mangrove swamp are fractionated. First, a substantial fraction rapidly aggregates to reach the micro-scale, principally governed by an orthokinetic aggregation process and diffusiophoresis drift. These large nanoplastic aggregates eventually float near the water's surface or settle into the sediment at the bottom of the mangrove swamp, depending on their density. The second, smaller fraction remains stable and is transported towards the saline environment. This distribution results from the combined action of the spatial salt concentration gradient and orthokinetic aggregation, which is largely underestimated in the literature. Due to nanoplastics' reactive behavior, the present work demonstrates that mangrove and estuarine systems need to be better examined regarding plastic pollution.

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Transport of engineered nanoparticles in soils and aquifers

2019

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Transport and deposition behaviour of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in natural aquifers and soil systems is a key determinant of the fate of these materials in environmental systems. A growing number of experimental studies are being conducted worldwide to address transport and deposition of ENPs in porous media (PM). Here we comprehensively review the main mechanisms and factors affecting the mobility of the environmentally important ENPs in natural PM. A variety of different processes including those that promote mobility and result in elution from the PM and those that hinder their mobility and promote ENP retention can influence ENP’s mobility through soil and aquifer media. The most important contributing factors regarding ENP transport in PM include: the physicochemical properties of the ENP, the media, the hydrodynamics of the system, and the background solution characteristics. Results from several studies conducted on the most common and environmentally important ENPs have shown that under natural environmental conditions, different types of ENPs show different transport behaviour in soil and aquifer systems. Additionally, the importance of media matrix and mobile solution factors in governing mobility of ENPs varies from one type of ENP to another.

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Aggregation Kinetics and Fractal Dimensions of Nanomaterials in Environmental Systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 114 publications

In Vitro Pulmonary Toxicity of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Nano Zero Valent Iron Nanohybrids and Comparison with Parent Nanomaterial Attributes

In Vitro Pulmonary Toxicity of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Nano Zero Valent Iron Nanohybrids and Comparison with Parent Nanomaterial Attributes

Environmental Fate Modeling of Nanoplastics in a Salinity Gradient Using a Lab-on-a-Chip: Where Does the Nanoscale Fraction of Plastic Debris Accumulate?

Transport of engineered nanoparticles in soils and aquifers

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