2010
DOI: 10.1071/en09110
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Aggregation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: role of calcium and phosphate

Abstract: Environmental context. The increasing use of nanomaterials in consumer products has led to increased concerns about their potential environmental and health impacts. TiO2 is a widely used nanoparticle found in sunscreens and electronic products. In order to understand and predict the mobility of TiO2 in the natural environment, it is essential to determine its state of aggregation under environmentally relevant conditions of pH, ionic strength, ion and natural organic matter content. Aggregation is likely to l… Show more

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Cited by 74 publications
(47 citation statements)
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“…In order to ensure that the exposure conditions elicited a response while minimizing secondary effects and lethality, conditions were selected by considering prior reports of their toxicological effects for nAg (31), nTiO 2 (1), nZnO (32), and QDs (33). The physicochemical properties and effects of the NPs change following their aggregation (17,34), dissolution (12,20,70), or coating with biological substances (e.g., proteins [35]), since these parameters affect the interfacial properties, including the rates of surface-mediated reactions, dissolution, redox reactions, and generation of ROS (36). Therefore, the sizes of the NPs were quantified in the exposure medium (Table 1).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to ensure that the exposure conditions elicited a response while minimizing secondary effects and lethality, conditions were selected by considering prior reports of their toxicological effects for nAg (31), nTiO 2 (1), nZnO (32), and QDs (33). The physicochemical properties and effects of the NPs change following their aggregation (17,34), dissolution (12,20,70), or coating with biological substances (e.g., proteins [35]), since these parameters affect the interfacial properties, including the rates of surface-mediated reactions, dissolution, redox reactions, and generation of ROS (36). Therefore, the sizes of the NPs were quantified in the exposure medium (Table 1).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although NOM generally stabilizes against aggregation, it a can also enhance it by bridging flocculation, which occurs when there are free sites for interaction on the particle surface. This generally occurs at low NOM concentrations (Domingos et al, 2010). This indicates that depending on adsorption of any stabilizing agent to TiO 2 or CeO 2 (NOM or manmade) prior to release to the aquatic environment, the NOM present there can also stabilize against heteroaggregation.…”
Section: Sedimentationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In FCS, more polydisperse systems can also be examined using a minor component analysis, which focuses on the tail of the particle size distributions. [37] Although these data are necessarily less accurate owing the smaller numbers of analysed particles, analysis indicated that a small proportion of the nanoparticles (,5 %) was significantly larger in the presence of both the SiO 2 (blue squares, Fig. 3b) and the colloidal clay (red diamonds, Fig.…”
Section: Heteroagglomeration Of the Nag-citmentioning
confidence: 99%