Aggressive angiomyxoma in pregnancy: a case report and literature review

Abstract

<jats:p> Aggressive angiomyxoma is an interstitial tumour that is often misdiagnosed and is likely to recur. There have been few reported cases of angiomyxoma in pregnant women. We report a case of a woman who was previously diagnosed with a tumour in her vulva that increased in size during both of her pregnancies and spontaneously decreased postpartum. Local excision was performed and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist was administered. According to a literature review, aggressive angiomyxoma is associated with good maternal and child outcomes. Caesarean section is not the delivery method of choice, but it is indicated if the tumour is preventing vaginal birth. Treatment for angiomyxoma is mainly postpartum local resection supplemented by hormone therapy. This tumour frequently recurs and patients should undergo long-term follow-up. </jats:p>

Genital Prolapse in Pregnant Woman as a Presentation of Aggressive Angiomyxoma: Case Report and Literature Review

“…In the present work, a case of aggressive angiomyxoma is described, which constitutes a rare entity within benign mesenchymal tumors, in a pregnant patient, which makes it even more exceptional [2].…”

“…It was first described in the literature in 1983 [1]. Its incidence in the general population is low, although it is known to be up to seven times higher in women than in men and it appears more frequently in the third and fourth decade of life [1,2].…”

“…It is characterized by its ability to infiltrate surrounding tissues and by its ability to recur, even when free surgical margins are obtained in surgery [4,6]. The prevalence of aggressive angiomyxoma in pregnant women is even lower than in the general population and only 17 cases have been described in the literature [2].…”

Comparison of matrix proteinase mRNA expression in morphologically normal, neoplastic, and metastatic colon tissue and colon biopsies from healthy donors

“…изменения в процессах ремоделирования внеклеточного матрикса (ВКМ) играют ключевую роль в инвазии и диссеминации опухоли [1]. Известно, что матриксные металлопротеиназы (matrix metalloproteinases, ММР), участвующие в физиологическом ремоделировании ткани посредством расщепления ВКМ [2][3][4], вовлечены также в процесс разрушения физических барьеров при формировании микроокружения опухоли, тем самым способствуя ангиогенезу и росту как первичных, так и метастатических опухолей [1]. Повышение экспрессии некоторых ММР в опухолевых образцах колоректального рака (КРР), коррелирующее с неблагоприятным прогнозом и стадией развития опухоли, было выявлено в ряде исследований [2,5].…”

“…Кроме того, выявлено, что уровень экспрессии гена MMP-7 коррелирует c пролиферацией клеток рака толстой кишки [8]. Экспрессия гена MMP-11 позитивно коррелирует как со стадиями КРР по классификации Дюкса, так и с метастазами в лимфоузлы, отдалёнными метастазами и экспрессией фактора роста эндотелия сосудов С [3]. Значение ММР-8 в развитии КРР ещё не изучено, однако недавние исследования продемонстрировали антиинвазивную роль ММР-8 при раке молочной железы и мочевого пузыря [9].…”