Aging and recognition memory: A meta-analysis.

Fraundorf, Scott H.; Hourihan, Kathleen L.; Peters, Rachel A.; Benjamin, Aaron S.

doi:10.1037/bul0000185

Cited by 86 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 300 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Older adults’ overall memory performance was poorer than younger adults’ performance, with middle‐aged adults falling in between. These findings are in line with the conclusion of a meta‐analysis that older adults are consistently less effective than younger adults at discriminating new and old items (Fraundorf et al ., ). This study extends this by showing that this decline in recognition accuracy is already present in middle‐aged adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This accords with the meta‐analysis by Fraundorf et al . () and with the observation that older adults are particularly vulnerable to making high‐confidence false recollection of recently learned events (Dodson, Bawa, & Krueger, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some studies have found strong support for the age‐related positivity effect in recognition memory (e.g., Charles et al ., ; Grühn et al ., ), others have not (see Reed et al ., ). In their meta‐analysis, Fraundorf and colleagues (2019) concluded that support for the age‐related positivity effect in recognition memory is mixed. It is possible that age differences are less pronounced in recognition memory tasks than free‐recall tasks because the former demand less self‐directed processing that is less likely to be affected by motivational goals (Charles et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were 76 men and 103 women belonging to three age groups: younger (ages 20-34 years), middle-aged (ages 40-54 years), and older (ages 60-74 years). Studies of aging and recognition memory often compare young adults with an older sample (Fraundorf et al, 2019). With…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recognition memory can be defined as the ability to recognize previously encountered items such as events, objects, and people (Fraundorf, Hourihan, Peters & Benjamin, ). Much research has focused on recognition memory for emotional events, given its potential implications for understanding people’s well‐being and behavior (e.g., Charles, Mather & Carstesen, ; Grühn, Scheibe & Baltes, ; Reed & Carstensen, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Recognizing images: The role of motivational significance, complexity, social content, age, and gender

Gomez

Gunten

Danuser

2019

Scandinavian J Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Memory for affective events plays an important role in determining people’s behavior and well‐being. Its determinants are far from being completely understood. We investigated how recognition memory for affective pictures depends on pictures’ motivational significance (valence and arousal), complexity (figure‐ground compositions vs. scenes), and social content (pictures with people vs. without people) and on observers’ age and gender. Younger, middle‐aged, and older adults viewed 84 pictures depicting real‐life situations. After a break, the participants viewed 72 pictures, half of which had been viewed previously and half of which were novel, and were asked to endorse whether each picture was novel or had been presented previously. Hits, false alarms, and overall performance (discrimination accuracy) were our dependent variables. The main findings were that, across participants, recognition memory was better for unpleasant than pleasant pictures and for pictures depicting people than pictures without people. Low‐arousal pictures were more accurately recognized than high‐arousal pictures, and this effect was significantly larger among middle‐aged and older adults than younger adults. Recognition memory worsened across adulthood, and this decline was steeper among men than women. Middle‐aged and older women outperformed their male counterparts. This study suggests that how well we are able to successfully discriminate previously seen pictorial stimuli from novel stimuli depends on several pictures’ properties related to their motivational significance and content, and on observer’s age and gender.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Recognizing images: The role of motivational significance, complexity, social content, age, and gender

Gomez

Gunten

Danuser

2019

Scandinavian J Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification

Lee

Penrod

2022

Applied Cognitive Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current research conducted a three-level meta-analysis with a total of 159 journal articles on the other-race bias in facial identification, which had been published between 1969 and 2021. The effect size analysis yielded moderate pooled effect sizes of the other-race bias on face identification-people showed higher hit rates and discriminability, lower false alarm rates, and more stringent criteria for own-race faces than for other-race faces. Results from the sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis also supported the robustness of the other-race bias. In moderation analyses, participant race (White vs. non-White) and retention interval between the study and test phases produced stable moderating effects on estimates of the otherrace bias. Despite an increase in racial diversity for decades in our society, the current meta-analysis still demonstrated robust effects of the other-race bias in facial identification, replicating findings from the previous meta-analyses.

show abstract

Age‐related advantage for recall of complex naturalistic information following cognitive offloading

Burnett,

Richmond

2024

Applied Cognitive Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous work on cognitive offloading has found that young and older adults create and use external memory aids to boost performance on simple memory‐based tasks. To date, little work has investigated whether cognitive offloading can benefit performance when the memoranda are complex and naturalistic. In this study, 64 participants (32 young adults aged 18–26 years and 32 older adults aged 60+ years) studied facts about health conditions, then completed free recall and old‐new recognition tests under two conditions. In the cognitive offloading choice condition, participants could create notes during study to use on upcoming memory tests. In the internal memory condition, participants had to rely on internal memory alone. Both age groups benefited from using cognitive offloading. Notably, older adults outperformed young adults on the free recall test when given the opportunity to offload. These results suggest that cognitive offloading can help older adults overcome everyday memory challenges.

show abstract

Aging and recognition memory: A meta-analysis.

Cited by 86 publications

References 300 publications

Recognizing images: The role of motivational significance, complexity, social content, age, and gender

Recognizing images: The role of motivational significance, complexity, social content, age, and gender

Three‐level meta‐analysis of the other‐race bias in facial identification

Age‐related advantage for recall of complex naturalistic information following cognitive offloading

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About