Aging and the COVID-19 pandemic: The inter-related roles of biology, physical wellbeing, social norms and global health systems

Baena, Cristina Pellegrino; Joarder, Taufique; Ahmed, Nasar Uddin; Chowdhury, Rajiv

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.07.008

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Age is an important determinant of health status and during the pandemic was one of the main risk factors for COVID-19 morbidity-mortality ( Bonanad et al., 2020 ; Williamson et al., 2020 ; Bliek-Bueno et al., 2021 ; Baena et al., 2023 ), with the group aged older than 65 years having a 5-fold higher risk of hospitalization than the reference group aged 18 to 29 years ( Baena et al., 2023 ). This age effect is attributable to social (lack of physical activity, isolation, anxiety due to social stigma, increased difficulty for accessing healthcare services), economic (low income or pension dependent), and biological factors, such as a higher prevalence of dementia and geriatric syndromes, a greater degree of frailty, mobility, or communication problems, and/or lower physiological and functional reserve ( Bonanad et al., 2020 ; Baena et al., 2023 ), which could therefore act as confounding factors in relation to susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of the illness ( Ruiz de Pellón-Santamaría et al., 2022 ). Many of these factors are associated with off-label AP use and are thus seldom reflected in the databases of RWD studies, thereby rendering it impossible to adjust for these variables ( Reilev et al., 2020 ; Bliek-Bueno et al., 2021 ; Cascini et al., 2022 ; Liberman et al., 2022 ; Chen et al., 2023 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outpatient Antipsychotic Use and Severe COVID-19: Avoiding the Impact of Age in a Real-World Data Study

Pintos-Rodríguez,

Visos-Varela,

Rodríguez-Fernández

et al. 2024

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

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Background The association between use of antipsychotics and COVID-19 outcomes is inconsistent, which may be linked to use of these drugs in age-related diseases. Furthermore, there is little evidence as regards their effect in the non-geriatric population . We aim to assess the association between antipsychotic use and risk of disease progression and hospitalisation due to COVID-19 among the general population, stratifying by age. Methods We conducted a population-based, multiple case-control study to assess: (1) risk of hospitalisation, with cases being patients with a PCR(+)test who required hospitalisation and controls being subjects without a PCR(+) test; and (2) risk of progression to hospitalisation, with cases being the same as those used in the hospitalisation substudy and controls being non-hospitalised PCR(+) patients. We calculated adjusted odds-ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), both overall and stratified by age. Results Antipsychotic treatment in patients <65 years was not associated with a higher risk of hospitalisation due to COVID-19 (aOR 0.94 [95%CI 0.69–1.27]) and disease progression among PCR(+) patients (aOR 0.96 [95%CI 0.70–1.33]). For patients aged ≥65 years, however, there was a significant, increased risk of hospitalisation (aOR 1.58 [95%CI 1.38–1.80]) and disease progression (aOR 1.31 [95%CI 1.12–1.55]). Conclusions The results of our large-scale real world data study suggest that antipsychotic use is not associated with a greater risk of hospitalisation due to COVID-19 and progression to hospitalisation among patients younger than 65 years. The effect found in the over-65-year age group might be associated with off-label use of antipsychotics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outpatient Antipsychotic Use and Severe COVID-19: Avoiding the Impact of Age in a Real-World Data Study

Pintos-Rodríguez,

Visos-Varela,

Rodríguez-Fernández

et al. 2024

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

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“…This is an outcome confirmed by Tak and coworkers [ 21 ] which investigated the relation of the grip outcome and diet. Different studies investigated the relationship between the CASP and adherence of MD [ 9 , 13 ]. Our findings confirm the proportional relation of the CASP outcomes to MD diet adherence, so if a person has a higher CASP, it is more likely that they will also follow the principles of the Mediterranean diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NUTS-2 regions between 2012 and 2020 were Adriatic and Continental Croatia, and since 2021, the Continental Croatia was additionally divided to three regions: Pannonian Croatia, Adriatic Croatia and Northern Croatia [ 8 ]. At the age over 50, and especially over 65, the rate of getting sick from various diseases increases [ 9 ]. Based on the Eurostat data, among the most common diseases are ischemic heart disease, malignant diseases of the respiratory system, diabetes, cirrhosis of the liver, cerebrovascular insult, malignant cancers of the colon and rectum, COPD, dementia, various kidney diseases and hypertensive heart disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Related to the Health Related and Well-Being Outcomes of European Mature Adults and Elderly, with an Additional Reference to Croatia

Maltarić

Ruščić

Kolak

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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With the increase in life expectancy, expectation of a longer healthy life is also increasing. Importance of consumption of certain foods is confirmed to have a strong effect on quality of life. One of the healthiest dietary patterns consistently associated with a range of beneficial health outcomes is the Mediterranean diet (MD). The aim of this study was to assess MD adherence in the population over 50 years of age, in Europe, with special reference to Croatia, and to assess regional differences and investigate the association with health-related indicators (disease incidence, body mass index (BMI), grip strength measure, control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure scale (CASP-12)). This research uses data from the SHARE project for the population over 50 years of age. The frequency of individual responses was analyzed (frequencies, cross tables, and appropriate tests of significance, depending on the data set), and logistic regression was used to connect adherence to the Mediterranean diet with health indicators. The results of the study indicate a positive correlation between adherence to the principles of the Mediterranean diet with CASP and self-perception of health, which the followers of the MD pattern predominantly rate as “very good” or “excellent” (37.05%) what is significantly different (p < 0.05) from individuals which do not follow the patterns of MD (21.55%). The regression models indicate significant changes in the measure of maximum grip strength also among MD followers (ORMEDIUM = 1.449; ORHIGH = 1.293). Data for EU countries are also classified by regions (Central and Eastern; Northern, Southern and Western Europe), additionally allocating Croatia, and the trends in meat, fish and egg consumption showed the greatest differences for Croatian participants (39.6% twice a week) versus participants from four European regions. Data for Croatia deviates from the European average also in terms of the proportion of overweight and obese persons in all observed age groups, of which the largest proportion is in the 50–64 age group (normal BMI: only 30.3%). This study extended the currently available literature covering 27 European countries, placing the findings in a wider geographical context. The Mediterranean diet has once again proven to be an important factor related to health-related behavior. The presented results are extremely important for public health services, indicating possible critical factors in preserving the health of the population over 50 years old.

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“…The COVID‐19 pandemic had a particularly negative impact on older adults, in terms of them being the most vulnerable group to the disease and in the pandemic's effect in intensifying their social and physical isolation during lockdown periods (Baena et al, 2023; Faraji & Metz, 2021). As social connection improves mental well‐being (Santini et al, 2020; Unalan et al, 2015), it is unsurprising that the pandemic significantly increased mental health challenges in this population (Llorente‐Barroso et al, 2021; Sirin et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of online jigsaw puzzling for mental well‐being in older adults: A pilot study

Brandt

Rota

Cooper

2023

Couns and Psychother Res

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ObjectivesThe aim of the present research was to test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial comparing five consecutive days of regular online jigsaw puzzling (JP) against a no‐treatment control group in improving mental well‐being outcomes in older adults.MethodsEighteen older adults (65–80 years) were randomly assigned to either the JP (9) or control (9) group and completed a range of mental health and well‐being measures for five consecutive days. We assessed recruitment rates, completion rates and participants' experiences of the intervention.ResultsRecruitment issues meant that 18 of the 32 intended participants took part in the trial. All participants completed the trial. Qualitative analysis indicated that participants experienced the JP intervention as accepted, with indications of enhanced enjoyment and self‐esteem at study completion.ConclusionThe present pilot study indicates that testing the efficacy of JP is feasible. A full‐scale clinical trial of this intervention should be considered, which can determine the efficacy of the JP intervention.

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Aging and the COVID-19 pandemic: The inter-related roles of biology, physical wellbeing, social norms and global health systems

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Outpatient Antipsychotic Use and Severe COVID-19: Avoiding the Impact of Age in a Real-World Data Study

Outpatient Antipsychotic Use and Severe COVID-19: Avoiding the Impact of Age in a Real-World Data Study

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Related to the Health Related and Well-Being Outcomes of European Mature Adults and Elderly, with an Additional Reference to Croatia

The efficacy of online jigsaw puzzling for mental well‐being in older adults: A pilot study

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