Aging is not a barrier to muscle and redox adaptations: Applying the repeated eccentric exercise model

Nikolaidis, Michalis G.; Kyparos, Antonios; Spanou, Chrysa; Paschalis, Vassilis; Theodorou, Anastasios A.; Panayiotou, George; Grivas, Gerasimos V.; Zafeiridis, Andreas; Δίπλα, Κωνσταντίνα; Vrabas, Ioannis S.

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2013.04.009

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consistent with previous studies [12,27,30,[34][35][36], the repeated bout effect was evident in our study: CK activity and DOMS were significantly lower following 2D than 1D, and ORAC was up-regulated before 2D compared to 1D. The beneficial effect of eccentrically-biased exercise on health-related parameters and muscle performance has been shown by several researchers [32,33,37]. Nikolaidis et al [33] found that muscle damage and circulating oxidative stress were lower following the second bout of eccentric knee flexions than the first bout.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Does Combined Antioxidant Vitamin Supplementation Blunt Repeated Bout Effect?

Hockemeyer

Sedlock

2015

Int J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the effect of antioxidant supplementation on markers of muscle damage, antioxidant status, and delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) after repeated downhill runs. Moderately-trained males (n=22) were randomly assigned to a supplement (S) or placebo (P) group. Capsules (vitamin C:1?000?mg/d; vitamin E: 400 IU/d) were ingested daily for 2 weeks. before the first (1D) and second (2D) downhill runs, and for 2 additional days following each run. Creatine kinase (CK) activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were measured pre-exercise and at 0 (immediately), 6, 24 and 48?h post-exercise (POST). DOMS was rated for quadriceps, hamstring, gluteus, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior at 0, 24, 48 and 72?h POST. CK at 48?h following 1D remained elevated above pre-exercise only in P (P<0.01). Overall, DOMS of the quadriceps was lower in S (1.1?0.3) than P (2.2?0.5) (P<0.05). At 24?h POST in S, CK was lower (P<0.01) and ORAC was higher (P<0.05) following 2D than 1D. CK and ORAC following 2D were blunted and augmented, respectively, in response to 1D and antioxidant supplementation enhanced this protective effect as indicated by an attenuation of biomarkers of muscle damage and a greater antioxidant capacity observed 24?h POST 2D.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 92%

Does Combined Antioxidant Vitamin Supplementation Blunt Repeated Bout Effect?

Hockemeyer

Sedlock

2015

Int J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Urine F 2 ‐isoprostanes, plasma protein carbonyls and erythrocyte glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were determined as previously described …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptations to endurance training depend on exercise‐induced oxidative stress: exploiting redox interindividual variability

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: The aim of this study was to reveal the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in exercise adaptations under physiological in vivo conditions and without the interference from other exogenous redox agents (e.g. a pro-oxidant or antioxidant). Methods: We invented a novel methodological set-up that exploited the large redox interindividual variability in exercise responses. More specifically, we used exercise-induced oxidative stress as the 'classifier' measure (i.e. low, moderate and high) and investigated the physiological and redox adaptations after a 6-week endurance training protocol. Results: We demonstrated that the group with the low exercise-induced oxidative stress exhibited the lowest improvements in a battery of classic adaptations to endurance training (VO 2 max, time trial and Wingate test) as well as in a set of redox biomarkers (oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidants), compared to the high and moderate oxidative stress groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study substantiate, for the first time in a human in vivo physiological context, and in the absence of any exogenous redox manipulation, the vital role of RONS produced during exercise in adaptations. The stratification approach, based on a redox phenotype, implemented in this study could be a useful experimental strategy to reveal the role of RONS and antioxidants in other biological manifestations as well.

show abstract

“…The difference between groups following the acute exercise bout clearly indicates that a greater degree of damage is caused by eccentric muscle actions. Yet, no significant signs of muscle damage were found following the second bout of acute exercise following the intervention for either group, confirming that older adult muscle retains the ability to adapt to such damaging muscle action [47]. In a similar design, two acute isolated bouts of ERE were separated by an 8-week ERE intervention to assess muscle damage in the healthy older adult [10].…”

Section: Effects Of Eccentric Exercise On the Markers Of Muscle Damagmentioning

confidence: 92%

Chronic Eccentric Exercise and the Older Adult

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eccentric exercise has gained increasing attention as a suitable and promising intervention to delay or mitigate the known physical and physiological declines associated with aging. Determining the relative efficacy of eccentric exercise when compared with the more conventionally prescribed traditional resistance exercise will support evidence-based prescribing for the aging population. Thus, original research studies incorporating chronic eccentric exercise interventions in the older adult population were included in this review. The effects of a range of eccentric exercise modalities on muscular strength, functional capacity, body composition, muscle architecture, markers of muscle damage, the immune system, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, and rating of perceived exertion were all reviewed as outcomes of particular interest in the older adult. Muscular strength was found to increase most consistently compared with results from traditional resistance exercise. Functional capacity and body composition showed significant improvements with eccentric endurance protocols, especially in older, frail or sedentary cohorts. Muscle damage was avoided with the gradual progression of novel eccentric exercise, while muscle damage from intense acute bouts was significantly attenuated with repeated sessions. Eccentric exercise causes little cardiovascular stress; thus, it may not generate the overload required to elicit cardiovascular adaptations. An anabolic state may be achievable following eccentric exercise, while improvements to insulin sensitivity have not been found. Finally, rating of perceived exertion during eccentric exercise was often significantly lower than during traditional resistance exercise. Overall, evidence supports the prescription of eccentric exercise for the majority of outcomes of interest in the diverse cohorts of the older adult population.

show abstract

Aging is not a barrier to muscle and redox adaptations: Applying the repeated eccentric exercise model

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Does Combined Antioxidant Vitamin Supplementation Blunt Repeated Bout Effect?

Does Combined Antioxidant Vitamin Supplementation Blunt Repeated Bout Effect?

Adaptations to endurance training depend on exercise‐induced oxidative stress: exploiting redox interindividual variability

Chronic Eccentric Exercise and the Older Adult

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About