Aging of combustion particles in the atmosphere ? Results from a field study in Z�rich

Burtscher, H.; Leonardi, Alessandro; Steiner, D.; Baltensperger, Urs; Weber, Alfred P.

doi:10.1007/bf00479398

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Figure 6 shows average weekday diurnal patterns of the ratios SPAH/AS and BC/AS. The latter is an indicator of the fraction of particles that are of combustion origin at any time (Burtscher et al, 1993), as BC is expected to be minimally reactive. The BC/AS ratio peaks around the morning rush hour and then falls off steadily throughout the late morning and early afternoon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The timing of SPAH and AS peaks at the more urban locations corresponds to periods of rush hour traffic. Burtscher et al (1993) also found the high- (Westerdahl et al, 2005) a Diluted vehicle exhaust, not ambient air.…”

Section: Pah and As Concentrations Sources And Agingmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Especially for low-solubility particles, surface area may be a more appropriate measure of exposure (Maynard, 2003). Tandem measurements of both PAHs and surface area in laboratory and field experiments have been shown to discriminate between different types of combustion sources and to indicate the degree of particle aging (Bukowiecki et al, 2002;Burtscher et al, 1993;Ott and Siegmann, 2006;Siegmann et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City

et al. 2008

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Abstract. As part of the Megacities Initiative: Local and Global Research Observations (MILAGRO) study in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area in March 2006, we measured particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other gaseous species and particulate properties, including light absorbing carbon or effective black carbon (BC), at six locations throughout the city. The measurements were intended to support the following objectives: to describe spatial and temporal patterns in PAH concentrations, to gain insight into sources and transformations of PAHs and BC, and to quantify the relationships between PAHs and other pollutants. Total particulate PAHs at the Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo (T0 supersite) located near downtown averaged 50 ng m −3 , and aerosol active surface area averaged 80 mm 2 m −3 . PAHs were also measured on board the Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory, which visited six sites encompassing a mixture of different land uses and a range of ages of air parcels transported from the city core. A combination of analyses of time series, back trajectories, concentration fields, pollutant ratios, and correlation coefficients supports the concept of T0 as an urban source site, T1 as a receptor site with strong local sources, Pedregal and PEMEX as intermediate sites, Pico Tres Padres as a vertical receptor site, and Santa Ana as a downwind receptor site. Weak intersite correlations suggest that local sources are important and variable and that exposure to PAHs and BC cannot be represented by a

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pah and As Concentrations Sources And Agingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City

et al. 2008

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“…The lowest EC/TC ratios (< or equal to 14%) were observed for sites in Scandinavia (Aspvreten, SE; Birkenes, NO) and in western Europe (Mace Head, IE), which receive the majority of their aerosol loading from aged air masses as a result of long-range transport (Pakkanen et al, 1996;Forster et al, 2001). Aging of air masses tends to lower the EC/TC ratio of the aerosol due to oxidation and condensation of organic material (Burtscher et al, 1993). Low EC/TC ratios could also follow from the positive artefact of OC, which could be more pronounced in areas experiencing low levels of particulate OC.…”

Section: Ec/tc-ratiosmentioning

confidence: 98%

Elemental and organic carbon in PM<sub>10</sub>: a one year measurement campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EMEP

et al. 2007

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“…Close to sources, this ratio ranged from 0.7 to 5 depending on the fuel burned and the combustion technology used (Andreae and Merlet, 2001;Lim and Turpin, 2002;Andreae et al, 2008b;Saarikoski et al, 2008). It should be noted that the aging of air masses tends to increase the OC / EC ratio of the aerosol due to oxidation and condensation of organic material (Burtscher et al, 1993;Andreae et al, 2008b;Konovalov et al, 2015Konovalov et al, , 2017. On the whole, our seasonal OC / EC ratios are in agreement with the literature (Table 3), indicating that the low value of 6.4 ± 0.4 obtained in wintertime (Fig.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Polluted Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term measurements (2010–2014) of carbonaceous aerosol and carbon monoxide at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) in central Siberia

et al. 2017

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Abstract. We present long-term (5-year) measurements of particulate matter with an upper diameter limit of ∼ 10 µm (PM 10 ), elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in aerosol filter samples collected at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory in the middle-taiga subzone (Siberia). The data are complemented with carbon monoxide (CO) measurements. Air mass back trajectory analysis and satellite image analysis were used to characterise potential source regions and the transport pathway of haze plumes. Polluted and background periods were selected using a non-parametric statistical approach and analysed separately. In addition, near-pristine air masses were selected based on their EC concentrations being below the detection limit of our thermal-optical instrument. Over the entire sampling campaign, 75 and 48 % of air masses in winter and in summer, respectively, and 42 % in spring and fall are classified as polluted. The observed background concentrations of CO and EC showed a sine-like behaviour with a period of 365 ± 4 days, mostly due to different degrees of dilution and the removal of polluted air masses arriving at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) from remote sources. Our analysis of the near-pristine conditions shows that the longest periods with clean air masses were observed in summer, with a frequency of 17 %, while in wintertime only 1 % can be classified as a clean. Against a background of low concentrations of CO, EC, and OC in the near-pristine summertime, it was possible to identify pollution plumes that most likely came from crude-oil production sites located in the oil-rich regions of Western Siberia. Overall, our analysis indicates that most of the time the Siberian region is impacted by atmospheric pollution arising from biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions. A relatively clean atmosphere can be observed mainly in summer, when polluted species are removed by precipitation and the aerosol burden returns to near-pristine conditions.

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Aging of combustion particles in the atmosphere ? Results from a field study in Z�rich

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City

Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City

Elemental and organic carbon in PM<sub>10</sub>: a one year measurement campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EMEP

Long-term measurements (2010–2014) of carbonaceous aerosol and carbon monoxide at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) in central Siberia

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Aging of combustion particles in the atmosphere ? Results from a field study in Z�rich

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City

Spatial and temporal variability of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mexico City

Elemental and organic carbon in PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;: a one year measurement campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EMEP

Long-term measurements (2010–2014) of carbonaceous aerosol and carbon monoxide at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) in central Siberia

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Elemental and organic carbon in PM<sub>10</sub>: a one year measurement campaign within the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme EMEP