Aging of Utricularia traps and variability of microorganisms associated with that microhabitat

Płachno, Bartosz J.; Łukaszek, Magdalena; Wołowski, Konrad; Adamec, Lubomír; Stolarczyk, Piotr

doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2011.11.003

Cited by 34 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Other authors who also studied algae in Utricularia traps likewise did not record stomatocysts inside them (e.g. Peroutka et al 2008;Sirová et al 2009;Alkhalaf et al 2009Alkhalaf et al , 2011Płachno et al 2012). However, stomatocysts were recorded inside traps of other carnivorous plants from the genus Genlisea (Płachno & Wołowski, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utricularia traps are not only lethal to some organisms (Adamec 2007(Adamec , 2011, but also form micro-environments in which other organisms can function and proliferate (Richards 2001, Sirova et al 2009. Algae are among such organisms often occurring in bladderwort traps (Gordon and Pacheco 2007;Alkhalaf et al 2009Alkhalaf et al , 2011Wołowski et al 2011;Płachno et al 2012). Some algae living inside Utricularia traps release digestive enzymes into the trap (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chrysophycean stomatocysts associated with the carnivorous plants (genus Utricularia) from Jeleniak-Mikuliny Nature Reserve

Wołowski¹,

Piątek²,

Płachno

2013

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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An account is given of chrysophycean stomatocysts and algae occurring together with the carnivorous plants known as bladderworts, Utricularia intermedia, U. minor and U. australis, in the peat bog of Jeleniak-Mikuliny Nature Reserve. Eleven chrysophycean stomatocyst morphotypes were found, all reported for the first time from this nature reserve. Among them, two are new records for Europe (stomatocysts 330 and 208) and another two are new for Poland (stomatocysts 112 and 387). Descriptions are provided together with SEM illustrations. General data about cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae occurring with these stomatocysts are enumerated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysophycean stomatocysts associated with the carnivorous plants (genus Utricularia) from Jeleniak-Mikuliny Nature Reserve

Wołowski¹,

Piątek²,

Płachno

2013

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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“…Płachno et al. ) in numbers far exceeding those of natural surface waters. The taxonomic affiliation of these ciliates was unclear; however, it has finally been identified as a previously unknown, algae‐bearing Tetrahymena species.…”

Section: Physico‐chemical Properties Of the Environment Inside Utricumentioning

confidence: 96%

“…; Harms ; Płachno et al. ). Besides their role in the acquisition of nutrients, the traps appear to represent a highly specific environment with distinct microbial communities (microbiomes) that colonize the trap lumen (Sirová et al.…”

Section: Physico‐chemical Properties Of the Environment Inside Utricumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, ) and often complete anoxia (Adamec ; for details see also Table in this paper), which can lead to the death of trapped organisms that are not adapted to survive such conditions (Płachno et al. ). Such extreme environmental conditions may yield specific microbial food webs, dominated by otherwise rare and exotic taxa of protists capable of exploiting the special environment.…”

Section: Physico‐chemical Properties Of the Environment Inside Utricumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Traits of the Algae‐BearingTetrahymena utriculariae(Ciliophora) from Traps of the Aquatic Carnivorous PlantUtricularia reflexa

Šimek

Pitsch

Salcher

et al. 2016

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Trap fluid of aquatic carnivorous plants of the genus Utricularia hosts specific microbiomes consisting of commensal pro- and eukaryotes of largely unknown ecology. We examined the characteristics and dynamics of bacteria and the three dominant eukaryotes, i.e. the algae-bearing ciliate Tetrahymena utriculariae (Ciliophora), a green flagellate Euglena agilis (Euglenophyta), and the alga Scenedesmus alternans (Chlorophyta), associated with the traps of Utricularia reflexa. Our study focused on ecological traits and life strategies of the highly abundant ciliate whose biomass by far exceeds that of other eukaryotes and bacteria independent of the trap age. The ciliate was the only bacterivore in the traps, driving rapid turnover of bacterial standing stock. However, given the large size of the ciliate and the cell-specific uptake rates of bacteria we estimated that bacterivory alone would likely be insufficient to support its apparent rapid growth in traps. We suggest that mixotrophy based on algal symbionts contributes significantly to the diet and survival strategy of the ciliate in the extreme (anaerobic, low pH) trap-fluid environment. We propose a revised concept of major microbial interactions in the trap fluid where ciliate bacterivory plays a central role in regeneration of nutrients bound in rapidly growing bacterial biomass.

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Delayed selfing ensures reproductive assurance in Utricularia praeterita and Utricularia babui in Western Ghats

2018

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Numerous bladderwort (Utricularia) species are distributed worldwide, but their reproductive biology is rarely investigated. Bladderworts are known to depend on tiny organisms to meet a significant proportion of their energy requirement by trapping them in bladders. However, information on the extent of their reliance on insects for pollination success is limited. We examined the reproductive strategy of two Utricularia species viz. Utricularia praeterita and U. babui, endemic to Western Ghats, India. The main aspects of the investigation involved floral biology, breeding system, pollination mechanism, and reproductive success. Flowers of both the species are structured for outbreeding through entomophilous floral suites, herkogamy, protandrous dichogamy and sensitive lobes of the stigma. With nearly 65% natural fruit-set, both the species appeared to be sufficiently open-pollinated. However, pollinators failed to show in plants of U. praeterita while in U. babui there was an apparent mismatch between the extent of fruit-set and pollinator visits. The study demonstrated that in the absence/insufficient visits of pollinators, the two species resort to autonomous selfing. In U. babui, denser patches of plants appeared to be crucial for attracting the pollinators. Both species are self-compatible, and reproductive success is predominantly achieved by delayed autonomous selfing. The sensitive stigma in the species fails to prevent selfing due to diminished herkogamy during the late anthetic stages. It is inferred that in the pollinator-limited environment, delayed selfing contributes to absolute natural fecundity in U. praeterita, while it produces a mixed progeny in U. babui.

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Aging of Utricularia traps and variability of microorganisms associated with that microhabitat

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Chrysophycean stomatocysts associated with the carnivorous plants (genus Utricularia) from Jeleniak-Mikuliny Nature Reserve

Chrysophycean stomatocysts associated with the carnivorous plants (genus Utricularia) from Jeleniak-Mikuliny Nature Reserve

Ecological Traits of the Algae‐BearingTetrahymena utriculariae(Ciliophora) from Traps of the Aquatic Carnivorous PlantUtricularia reflexa

Delayed selfing ensures reproductive assurance in Utricularia praeterita and Utricularia babui in Western Ghats

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