Agitated depression: spontaneous and induced

Koukopoulos, Athanasios; Sani, Gabriele; Albert, Matthew J.; Minnai, Gian Paolo; Koukopoulos, Alexia E.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511544019.008

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Definitions of mixed depression requiring specific combinations of symptoms often include psychomotor agitation (i.e. agitated depression) [110]. The concept of agitated depression is still hotly debated and deserves more discussion.…”

Section: The Status Of Agitated Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the definitions of mixed depression used above describe a relatively stable clinical picture of co-occurring opposite polarity symptoms, not very rapid alternations of symptoms of opposite poles. Naturalistic studies [25,28,41,57,110,120,121,123,142,147,148] have shown that the most common picture of mixed depression is the co-occurrence (not the rapid alternation) of opposite polarity symptoms, especially in non-tertiary care.…”

Section: Mixed Depression As a Possible Variant Of Rapid Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the diagnostic validity and utility of mixed depression (depressive mixed states)

Benazzi

2008

Eur. psychiatr.

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Section: The Status Of Agitated Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mixed Depression As a Possible Variant Of Rapid Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the diagnostic validity and utility of mixed depression (depressive mixed states)

Benazzi

2008

Eur. psychiatr.

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“…Anhedonia and lack of interest are marked in all cases. Early insomnia, often sustained by racing thoughts, is common .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSM‐5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression

Koukopoulos¹,

Sani

2013

Acta Psychiatr Scand

155

113

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“…3. Taking in consideration the patients' extreme suffering as well as the reported dramatic, unique and fast improvement on Olanzapine alone in such mixed cases, 22,36,47 we did not delay the use of Olanzapine at the expense of assessing test-retest reliability.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 Such a diagnostic utility could be related to its impact on treatment. 19,20 Agitated depression (RDC-A) responds well to lowdose neuroleptics, lithium, anticonvulsants and electroconvulsive therapy, whereas it shows marked deterioration in the patient's condition in response to antidepressants, [21][22][23] in the form of increased agitation, insomnia, greater suffering and the emergence of psychotic symptoms and suicidal ideas and impulses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Validity of the Shahin Mixed Depression Scale: A Self-Rated Instrument Designed to Measure the Non-DSM Mixed Features in Depression</p>

Shahin¹,

Bonnín

Saleh

et al. 2020

NDT

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Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/BkB7J6NnzOE Background: The DSM5-defined mixed features in depression do not include psychomotor agitation, irritability or distractibility because they are considered overlapping symptoms. A growing number of modern psychiatrists have expressed dissatisfaction with this and proposed alternative sets of mixed symptoms that are much more common and clinically relevant. Among such alternative criteria were those proposed by Koukopoulos. He utilized the research diagnostic criteria of agitated depression (RDC-A) as a mixed depression subtype, and validated another form of mixed depression, the Koukopoulos criteria for mixed depression (K-DMX). Purpose: This study provides psychometric validation for the first self-rated scale designed to measure the most common mixed symptoms in depression as proposed by Koukopoulos. Patients and Methods: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study of 170 patients with unipolar depression. They completed the Shahin Mixed Depression Scale (SMDS) and underwent expert interviews as a gold standard reference. SMDS' psychometric properties were assessed, including Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, sensitivity, specificity, predictive value and accuracy. Results: We found significant association and agreement between mixity according to SMDS and the gold standard (K-DMX and RDC-A according to expert interview) with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.87), high sensitivity (=91.4%), specificity (=98.0%), positive predictive value (=96.9%), negative predictive value (= 94.2%) and accuracy (=95.2%). Factor analysis identified one factor for psychomotor agitation and another for mixity without psychomotor agitation. Conclusion: SMDS was a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the frequently encountered and clinically relevant mixed features in depression.

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Agitated depression: spontaneous and induced

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Reviewing the diagnostic validity and utility of mixed depression (depressive mixed states)

Reviewing the diagnostic validity and utility of mixed depression (depressive mixed states)

DSM‐5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression

<p>Validity of the Shahin Mixed Depression Scale: A Self-Rated Instrument Designed to Measure the Non-DSM Mixed Features in Depression</p>

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