“…Agmatine, which is an endogenous neurotransmitter or neuromodulator (Reis & Regunathan, 2000) formed from the decarboxylation of L‐arginine amino acid (Aricioglu & Regunathan, 2005; Moretti et al., 2014; Piletz et al., 2013; Reis & Regunathan, 2000; Xu et al., 2018; Zhu et al., 2004) modulates GC‐mediated stress effects and has therefore been identified as a potential pharmacotherapy for stress (Zhu et al., 2008). In addition, agmatine has demonstrated therapeutic potential in the treatment of dependence on alcohol and opiates (Piletz et al., 2013; Lopez et al., 2023). As a neuromodulator, agmatine acts on several targets on the cell membrane, including N ‐methyl‐ d ‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors, α‐2 adrenergic receptors, and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (Piletz et al., 1995; Galea et al., 1996; Reis & Regunathan, 2000; Berkels et al., 2004; Halaris & Plietz, 2007; Taksande et al., 2009; Uzbay, 2012; Neis et al., 2016).…”