Agricultural water requirements for commercial production of cranberries

Kennedy, Casey D.; Jeranyama, Peter; Alverson, Nickolas

doi:10.1139/cjss-2015-0095

Cited by 9 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Summer soil moisture irrigation was 104 mm lower in Year 1, due to 159 mm higher summer precipitation in that year. Autumn and spring frost irrigation was about one third of the annual irrigation, which increased by 62% from Years 1 to 2 due to the differences in seasonal precipitation and temperature (Kennedy, Jeranyama, & Alverson, ). Notably, the sum of seasonal (spring and summer) irrigation and precipitation differed by only 5% between the two study years, despite a 30% decrease in summer and spring precipitation from Years 1 to 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal dynamics of water and nutrient fluxes in an agricultural peatland

Kennedy¹,

Alverson

Jeranyama

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is an important part of the cultural heritage and economy of Southeastern Massachusetts, yet water quality concerns and wetland protection laws challenge its commercial production. Here, we report inputs and outputs of water, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) for a 2.12‐ha cranberry bed over a 2‐year period from 2013 to 2015. Water‐budget analysis indicated that precipitation contributed 40%, floodwater 37%, irrigation 15%, and groundwater 8% of water inputs to the cranberry bed. Minor annual variation in surface water discharge (~90 mm·year−1 or 3%) contrasted with large decreases in net (= outputs − inputs) nutrient export, from 16.2 to 9.1 kg N·ha−1·year−1 for total (dissolved + suspended particulate) nitrogen (TN) and from 3.34 to 1.47 kg P·ha−1·year−1 for total phosphorus (TP) between Years 1 and 2. Annual variation in net TN and TP export was tied to decreases in spring and summer nutrient export and controlled by the combined effects of fertilizer management, soil biogeochemistry, and hydrology. The relatively high spring TN export in Year 1 was associated with coincident increases in soil temperature and rainfall. A second factor was the timing of fertilizer application, which occurred 1 day prior to a major summer storm (i.e., third largest daily rainfall since 1926) and was responsible for up to 15% and 9% of the Year 1 TN and TP export, respectively. Nutrient budgets, which balanced water and fertilizer inputs with water, fruit, and vegetative outputs, were consistent with the burial of 21.6 kg N·ha−1·year−1 and 7.27 kg P·ha−1·year−1. Field measurements indicated that burial would increase TN and TP in the shallow (0–5 cm) rooting zone by 14% and 6%, respectively, which seemed plausible based on the relatively young age of the bed (4–5 years) and new root growth patterns in Vaccinium plants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from Years 1 to 2 due to the differences in seasonal precipitation and temperature (Kennedy, Jeranyama, & Alverson, 2016). Notably, the sum of seasonal (spring and summer) irrigation and precipitation differed by only 5% between the two study years, despite a 30% decrease in summer and spring precipitation from Years 1 to 2.…”

Section: Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 88%

Seasonal dynamics of water and nutrient fluxes in an agricultural peatland

Kennedy¹,

Alverson

Jeranyama

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…The shallow pond, which was a former cranberry bog, resembled the cranberry harvest flood with respect to its depth and P concentration (Kennedy et al, 2015). Therefore, it seems likely that aluminum sulfate could be used to reduce P in drainage water of the harvest flood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ponds are generally the source of floodwater, which is responsible for two‐thirds of all agricultural water inputs (Kennedy et al, 2017). Harvest flooding accounts for up to 0.7 kg P ha −1 of annual P inputs (Kennedy et al, 2015), which generally range from 0.2 to 2.0 kg P ha −1 yr −1 (DeMoranvile, 2015). By comparison, drainage water P losses range from 3.2 to 8.5 kg P ha −1 yr −1 on an annual basis (DeMoranvile, 2015), suggesting that a considerable fraction of P loss may derive from P inputs used for irrigation and flooding.…”

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confidence: 99%

Managing Surface Water Inputs to Reduce Phosphorus Loss from Cranberry Farms

et al. 2017

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Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) production in Massachusetts represents one‐fourth of the US cranberry supply, but water quality concerns, water use, and wetland protection laws challenge the future viability of the state's cranberry industry. Pond water used for harvest and winter flooding accounts for up to two‐thirds of phosphorus (P) losses in drainage waters. Consequently, use of P sorbing salts to treat pond water holds promise in the mitigation of P losses from cranberry farms. Laboratory evaluation of aluminum (Al)‐, iron (Fe)‐, and calcium (Ca)‐based salts was conducted to determine the application rate required for reducing P in shallow (0.4 m) and deep (3.2 m) water ponds used for cranberry production. Limited P removal (<22%) with calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate was consistent with their relatively low solubility in water. Calcium hydroxide reduced total P up to 49%, but increases in pond water pH (>8) could be detrimental to cranberry production. Ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate applications of 15 mg L−1 (ppm) resulted in near‐complete removal of total P, which decreased from 49 ± 3 to <10 μg P L−1 (ppb). However, ferric sulfate application lowered pH below the recommend range for cranberry soils. Field testing of aluminum sulfate demonstrated that at a dose of 15 mg L−1 (∼1.4 Al mg L−1), total P in pond water was reduced by 78 to 94%. Laboratory and field experiments support the recommendation of aluminum sulfate as a cost‐effective remedial strategy for reducing elevated P in surface water used for cranberry production. Core Ideas Cranberry farming is challenged by water quality regulations for phosphorus. Five salts were applied to reduce P in pond water used for cranberry production. Calcium, iron, and aluminum affected P solubility and pH of pond water differently. Alum appears best suited to the task of removing P from cranberry pond waters.

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“…Water use in cranberry production being a major concern, Kennedy et al (2017) estimated the mean water use in cranberry agriculture of 2.2 m yr −1 , which is on the low end of the commonly cited range of 2-3 m yr −1 . Jabet et al (2017) proposed an economic analysis for irrigation scheduling with soil tensiometers, showing a payback period of less than 1 yr.…”

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confidence: 99%

Precision Agriculture and Soil and Water Management in Cranberry Production — Special Issue

2017

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Agricultural water requirements for commercial production of cranberries

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Seasonal dynamics of water and nutrient fluxes in an agricultural peatland

Seasonal dynamics of water and nutrient fluxes in an agricultural peatland

Managing Surface Water Inputs to Reduce Phosphorus Loss from Cranberry Farms

Precision Agriculture and Soil and Water Management in Cranberry Production — Special Issue

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