Agriculture and Food Security under Climate Change in Nepal

Bocchiola, Daniele

doi:10.15406/apar.2017.06.00237

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A highly educated farmer is more likely to use modern technology (Adesina et al, 2000;Tiwari et al, 2008). According to Bocchiola (2017) and Regmi and Bhandari (2013), a larger percentage of respondents used less expensive, traditionally used methods at the household level in their production technology as adaptation measures. The communities at the research site mostly focus their adaptation efforts at the household level.…”

Section: Adaptation Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Climate Variability on the Livelihood of Local Communities of Melamchi Municipality

Thapa,

Bhandari

2024

The Batuk

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Climate change is humanity's most serious concern, with far-reaching and severe consequences for people, ecosystem services, and the environment. The study aims to evaluate the implications of climate variability on the livelihood of local communities of Melamchi municipality. The study collected primary data through focus groups, interviews, and observations and analyzed 31 years of precipitation and temperature data. The study assessed participatory vulnerability to climate change using indicators of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Analysis of precipitation data showed decreasing annual rainfall trends at Dubachaur and Baunepati stations, while Sarmathang station showed an increasing trend. The maximum average annual temperature has shown a rising trend in all three stations. The RAI analysis showed that 2009 had the highest negative value, with an RAI of -4.87, classified as extremely dry from the rainfall data collected from the Baunepati station. Respondents reported severe climate change impacts on livelihoods, including increased temperatures, shifting rainfall, drought, water shortages, and invasive species. The study recommends urgently enhancing local climate adaptation efforts by integrating considerations of water security, food systems, and disaster risk reduction into development planning.

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Section: Adaptation Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implications of Climate Variability on the Livelihood of Local Communities of Melamchi Municipality

Thapa,

Bhandari

2024

The Batuk

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“…With an estimated gross domestic product GDP of US$1071 per capita (2019), Nepal is ranked amongst the poorest countries worldwide, and (2010) 25% of the population earn below US$1.90 per day [5,6]. In spite of the large supply of freshwater from the melting snow and ice of the Himalayas [7,8], a large share of the population has no access to safe drinking water, food [9][10][11], and clean electricity [12,13]. It is estimated [14,15] that ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydropower Potential of Run of River Schemes in the Himalayas under Climate Change: A Case Study in the Dudh Koshi Basin of Nepal

Bocchiola

Manara

Mereu

2020

Water

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In spite of the very large hydropower potential given from the melting snow and ice of Himalayas, Nepal’s population has little hydropower production. The high use of fossil fuels and biomasses results in measurable air pollution, even in the mountain areas. Hydropower planning and implementation, in the face of the changing climate, is therefore paramount important. We focus here on Nepal, and particularly on the Dudh Koshi river basin, with a population of ca. 170,000 people, within an area with large potential for hydropower production. Our main objectives are to (i) preliminarily design a local hydropower grid based on a distributed run of river ROR scheme, and (ii) verify the resilience of the grid against modified hydrology under perspective climate change, until the end of the century. To do so, we set up and tune the Poli-Hydro semi-distributed glacio-hydrological model, mimicking the complex hydrology of the area. We then modify a state of the art algorithm to develop and exploit a heuristic, resource-demand based model, called Poli-ROR. We use Poli-ROR to assess the (optimal) distribution of a number of ROR hydropower stations along the river network, and the structure of the local mini-grids. We then use downscaled outputs from three general circulation models GCMs (RCPs 2.6, 4.5, 8.5) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC AR5, to assess the performance of the system under future modified hydrological conditions. We find that our proposed method is efficient in shaping ROR systems, with the target of the largest possible coverage (93%), and of the least price (0.068 € kWh−1 on average). We demonstrate also that under the projected hydrological regimes until 2100, worse conditions than now may occur, especially for plants with small drainage areas. Days with energy shortage may reach up to nf = 38 per year on average (against nf = 24 now), while the maximum daily energy deficit may reach as high as edef% = 40% (against edef% = 20% now). We demonstrate that our originally proposed method for ROR grid design may represent a major contribution towards the proper development of distributed hydropower production in the area. Our results may contribute to improve energy supply, and living conditions within the Dudh Koshi river. It is likely that our approach may be applied in Nepal generally. Impending climate change may require adaptation in time, including the use of other sources which are as clean as possible, to limit pollution. Our Poli-ROR method for grid optimization may be of use for water managers, and scientists with an interest in the design of optimal hydropower schemes in topographically complex catchments.

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“…There have been several studies with respect to effect of climate change on crop yield at global, regional and even national levels (Parry et al 2004;Kim and Pang 2009;Lobell et al2005;Carew et al 2009;Bhatta et al 2014). There are some studies on climate change and its effects on cereal crops in different regions of the Nepal (IPCC 2007;Joshi et al 2011;Bhandari 2013;Bhatta et al 2014;Tiwari et al 2015;Poudel and Shaw 2016;Aryal et al 2016;Bocchiola 2017), however there were no studies focusing on finger millet despite its several importance and crucial roles the mountain livelihoods. Its cultivation is major part of farming system without use of external inputs in the mountain terrain (marginal land) where agriculture land is limited and food deficit is a common problem.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationship between Climatic Variables and Finger Millet Yield in Syangja, Central Nepal

Luitel

Siwakoti

Jha

2018

J. Forest & Livelihood

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Temperature and rainfall are important climatic variables on which the yield of crops depends. The increase in temperature and changing pattern of rainfall in an area reliably influence the yield of crops. This paper is based on a study conducted in Syangja district of central Nepal and analyses the climatic variables and yields of finger millet (Eleusine coracana). Changes in the total harvestable area, yearly yield and relationship of climatic variables on yield were analyzed based on correlation and regression analysis of detrended yield and climatic variables for 1980-2016 periods. The total growing season precipitation at different stations of district showed mixed trends of increasing and decreasing. The growing season mean temperature of Chapakot station was not changed but that of Syangja station has increased by 0.009°C/year from 1980-2016. Both maximum and minimum temperature of Syangja station showed increasing rate of 0.026°C but that of Chapakot station showed maximum temperature increased at the rate of 0.017°C and minimum temperature decreased by 0.012°C annually. The result showed that there was a positive and normal relationship between maximum temperature and yield (r=0.298) whereas there were negative relationship with minimum temperature and rainfall. The multi-linear regression model described that 42.8% of finger millet yield is controlled by climatic variables. If the temperature and rainfall continue to rise, the impact is likely to be negative on finger millet production in future. However, overall crop production can be positive with increase in the temperature at relatively higher altitudes provided basic conditions like fertilizers are met.

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Agriculture and Food Security under Climate Change in Nepal

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

The Implications of Climate Variability on the Livelihood of Local Communities of Melamchi Municipality

The Implications of Climate Variability on the Livelihood of Local Communities of Melamchi Municipality

Hydropower Potential of Run of River Schemes in the Himalayas under Climate Change: A Case Study in the Dudh Koshi Basin of Nepal

Relationship between Climatic Variables and Finger Millet Yield in Syangja, Central Nepal

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