Agriculture for Development in Iraq: Estimating the Impacts of Achieving the Agricultural Targets of the National Development Plan 2013-2017 on Economic Growth, Incomes, and Gender Equality

Abstract

The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), established in 1975, provides evidence-based policy solutions to sustainably end hunger and malnutrition and reduce poverty. The Institute conducts research, communicates results, optimizes partnerships, and builds capacity to ensure sustainable food production, promote healthy food systems, improve markets and trade, transform agriculture, build resilience, and strengthen institutions and governance. Gender is considered in all of the Institute's work. IFPRI collaborates with partners around the world, including development implementers, public institutions, the private sector, and farmers' organizations, to ensure that local, national, regional, and global food policies are based on evidence. Clemens Breisinger (c.breisinger@cgiar.org) is a senior research fellow in the Development AUTHORS

Genetic Profiling of CYP19 Gene Haplotype in Holstein Bulls

“…All the mutations are summarized in table (2). These results are in line with Vega (19) about the multiplicity of haplotypes to the CYP19 gene, on the other hands, the results refer that the Holstein bulls in Iraq have new haplotype of the CYP19 gene because of no identity 100% with any sequence in GenBank.…”

“…In Iraq the livestock production is an important part of the national economy, however, this part of the economy suffers from many problems (1) , these problems caused a huge decrease in the level of production that does not meet the food market needs of meat, milk, and derivatives, for many reasons, including climatic conditions, as well as the absence of scientific programs organized to elect animals with high production capacity (2) , climatic changes significantly led to higher temperatures, which negatively affected the fertility of farm animals, especially the effect on the quality of semen in bulls (3) , that non-fertile bulls can cost producers large sums of money without any economic return (4) . On the other hand, the molecular genetics techniques contributed to the diagnosis and treatment of infertility (5) , via studying some of the molecular mechanisms that directly affect fertility (6) and improve it (7) , one of these mechanisms is the study of the polymorphisms of the genes that directly affect the different semen characteristics (8) .…”

Economy-Wide Effects of Climate Change in Benin: An Applied General Equilibrium Analysis

“…As households spend a higher share of their income on food, climate change effects on household conditions lead to an increase in food prices linked to a drop in food production, and decreased factor incomes. The poorest families who depend most on income from low skilled labor and activities that are more affected by climate change risks [44] experience the highest negative effects. Similar results were found by Breisinger et al [41] who pointed out that the poorest households in both rural and urban areas are the most adversely affected by climate change.…”

Agricultural infrastructure public financing towards rural poverty alleviation: evidence from West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) States

“…Thus, an appropriate poverty reduction strategy must be focused on rural areas where agriculture is the main activity. There seems to be a consensus on the particular effectiveness of agriculture in the fight against poverty (Christiansen et al 2010;Al-Haboby et al 2014;Gero and Egbendewe 2020). Reardon (2009) argues, however, that this relative efficiency is not automatic and that several conditions must be met to enable the agricultural sector to reduce poverty.…”