Agro‐Environmental Consequences of Shifting from Nitrogen‐ to Phosphorus‐Based Manure Management of Corn

Sadeghpour, Amir; Ketterings, Quirine M.; Godwin, Gregory S.; Czymmek, Karl; Vermeylen, Françoise

doi:10.2136/sssaj2016.03.0417

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In 2019, N balance was lower in all sidedress treatments followed by split application of 56 kg N ha −1 at planting plus 112 kg N ha −1 at sidedress timing, indicating lower yield, and possibly greater N loss with early N application timing in a year with a historically wet spring season. Earlier studies have also indicated increased risk of N deficiency in corn in years with high leaching potential [8,38,39]. Our results emphasize N timing is more crucial in wet years and less critical in years with favorable and timely rainfall pattern.…”

Section: Corn N Removal Uptake and Balancesupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Corn is a major agricultural crop in Illinois, with a total planted area around 4.2 million hectares in 2018, and an estimated economic value of $7.4 billion in 2017 that represented a 43.5% of the total market value of agricultural products in that year [1]. Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient in most crops [2][3][4][5][6][7], including corn and N management decisions are often difficult due to uncertain weather conditions [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Wheat Cover Crop and Split Nitrogen Application on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

et al. 2020

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Corn (Zea mays L.) grain is a major commodity crop in Illinois and its production largely relies on timely application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. Currently, growers in Illinois and other neighboring states in the U.S. Midwest use the maximum return to N (MRTN) decision support system to predict corn N requirements. However, the current tool does not factor in implications of integrating cover crops into the rotation, which has recently gained attention among growers due to several ecosystem services associated with cover cropping. A two-year field trail was conducted at the Agronomy Research Center in Carbondale, IL in 2018 and 2019 to evaluate whether split N application affects nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of corn with and without a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cover crop. A randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements and four replicates was used. Main plots were cover crop treatments (no cover crop (control) compared to a wheat cover crop) and subplots were N timing applications to the corn: (1) 168 kg N ha−1 at planting; (2) 56 kg N ha−1 at planting + 112 kg N ha−1 at sidedress; (3) 112 kg N ha−1 at planting + 56 kg N ha−1 at sidedress; and (4) 168 kg N ha−1 at sidedress along with a zero-N control as check plot. Corn yield was higher in 2018 than 2019 reflecting more timely precipitation in that year. In 2018, grain yield declined by 12.6% following the wheat cover crop compared to no cover crop control, indicating a yield penalty when corn was preceded with a wheat cover crop. In 2018, a year with timely and sufficient rainfall, there were no yield differences among N treatments and N balances were near zero. In 2019, delaying the N application improved NUE and corn grain yield due to excessive rainfall early in the season reflecting on N losses which was confirmed by lower N balances in sidedressed treatments. Overall, our findings suggest including N credit for cereals in MRTN prediction model could help with improved N management in the Midwestern United States.

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Section: Corn N Removal Uptake and Balancesupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Wheat Cover Crop and Split Nitrogen Application on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

et al. 2020

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“…Soil NO 3 –N in the tall fescue trial was also low with no treatment differences at any of the sampling times. Low soil NO 3 –N concentrations at the beginning of the growing season are typical of New York due to snowmelt and rainfall events (Sadeghpour et al, 2017b, 2017c). In 2014, averaged over treatments, soil NO 3 –N levels were 5.9, 4.0, and 2.9 mg kg −1 at the first, second, and third cuttings, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When this happened, only the initial three measurements were included to obtain linear regressions for all sampling events as suggested by Collier et al (2014). Summed N 2 O emissions were estimated by adding all the N 2 O emissions at each sampling date over time (Sadeghpour et al, 2017c). The summed N 2 O emission is used for treatment comparisons only.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Surface versus Injected Manure in Perennial Hay Crops

Sadeghpour

Ketterings

Vermeylen

et al. 2018

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Low‐producing alfalfa and tall fescue stands can benefit from the addition of manure. Injection of manure (slicing of soil) did not reduce yields of alfalfa or tall fescue. Impact of manure injection on N2O emissions is weather and species dependent. When injection of manure does not increase yield, surface application is more economical. Injecting manure can preserve N, but may mechanically damage the root systems of hay crops such as tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Such damage could result in reduced yield. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of disk‐injected versus surface applied liquid dairy manure on (i) alfalfa and tall fescue dry matter (DM) yield and (ii) nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Two manure application methods (injection versus surface application) and two no‐manure controls (injection versus no soil disturbance) were replicated six times in 2014 and 2015 on established hay stands. Manure application increased alfalfa yield from 2.9 to 3.7 and from 4.2 to 5.1 Mg DM ha‐1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively, regardless of application method, suggesting no yield penalty or benefit from injection. Nitrous oxide emissions increased two‐ and six‐fold with manure addition, consistent with higher yields under manure application. Compared with the control treatments, manure addition to tall fescue increased yield by 0.8 and 3.3 Mg ha‐1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively, also with no yield benefit or penalty from injection. Injection of manure did not influence N2O emissions in 2014, but increased emissions by 35% compared with surface application in 2015, and this is consistent with differences in soil moisture that year. Our results indicate injection of liquid manure can be implemented without negatively influencing yield in hay crops, while the impact on N2O emissions can be crop and weather dependent. When injection does not increase yield, the surface application of manure to hay crops is more economical.

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“…It promotes fast formation of full-fledged ears and accelerates grain maturing. Corn consumes phosphorus several times less, than nitrogen and potassium, the assimilation happens evenly equable during all vegetation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growing Corns by Grain-Growing Technology in Siberia

Demin¹,

Eremin²

2018

International Scientific and Practical Conference "AgroSMART - Smart Solutions for Agriculture" (AgroSMART 2018)

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The development of animal husbandry in Siberia has led to the necessity to form stable fodder base at the expense of domestic products. Many producers and scientists consider the corn as the most promising culture. It is the integral component at the creation of a high-energy forage for farm animals and birds. High content of nutrient elements in corn kernels and the content of nonreplaceable amino acids turn this culture into a main element in feeding animals. The aim of the research is to study the producing corn kernels in the foreststeppe zone of the Trans-Ural region. The investigations were carried out in the leached loamy black earth area with characteristic morphological features and properties for soils in the South of the Tyumen region. The scheme of the experiment included two sowing dates on May 15 and on May 25, and options with various level of feeding for planned yield 4.0; 5.0 and 6.0 t/ha of corn kernels. In the experiment the hybrid Ladozhskyi 148 was sowed (FAO 150). The vegetation period of corn at sowing on May 15 was 132-137 full days, shifting the sowing date to the 3rd decade of May has provided the reduction of this period by 6-7 full days. Its greatest gain was observed at a milk stage of corn kernels where it was 11,05-16,49 t/ha. Shifting the sowing date into the 3rd decade of May has increased this indicator by 22-31%. Seeding crops on May 15 allowed to obtain the planned yield in all options. When seeding crops on May 25 there was a decrease in yield by 14-24% in comparison with the first term. Harvest humidity of corn kernels at the first sowing date was 34.4-34.8% of weight. The disbalance of feeding elements in variant with the planned yield of 5.0 t/ha of corn kernels has led to increasing humidity up to 38.9%. Shifting sowing date to the third decade of May has increased the indicator by 1.9-4.0% in regards to the first sowing date.

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Agro‐Environmental Consequences of Shifting from Nitrogen‐ to Phosphorus‐Based Manure Management of Corn

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Wheat Cover Crop and Split Nitrogen Application on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Effect of Wheat Cover Crop and Split Nitrogen Application on Corn Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Surface versus Injected Manure in Perennial Hay Crops

Growing Corns by Grain-Growing Technology in Siberia

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