Agro-Industrial By-Products and Their Bioactive Compounds—An Ally against Oxidative Stress and Skin Aging

Abstract

The increased consumer awareness towards hazards related with sun exposure has given a boost in the cosmetics industry and particularly the sun care market. Human skin is continually being threatened by the UV irradiation present in sunlight and acute UV exposure leads to skin photoaging. Cosmetic and/or dermatological applications include several bioactive compounds that contribute to the regulation of epidermal homeostasis by providing protection against solar radiation and improving the antioxidant activity of epidermis. Plant extracts are sources of active ingredients with intense therapeutic properties, and the topical application or oral intake of these compounds could ameliorate skin condition. Nowadays, there is a growing demand for the application of the bioactive agents contained in agro-industrial byproducts in sun care products, since many of them have shown promising properties as skin photoprotectants. However, well-conducted clinical studies are required to prove their safety and efficacy before they could be regularly used. Environmentally friendly extraction and sustainable techniques are therefore under examination for recovering such compounds from agro-industrial byproducts and converting them into innovative high-value natural ingredients used in cosmetic formulations.

Investigation on High-Value Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Properties of Blackberries and Their Fractions Obtained by Home-Scale Juice Processing

“…The efficient recovery of biologically active compounds from plant waste and their implementation in industrial production will mark a new age in the food industry [16][17][18][19]. The recycling vegetable of waste and its application in different industrial sectors can lead to the development of new functional products with improved features [20].…”

“…The application of unconventional components, such as vegetable byproducts that constitute real deposits of natural bioactive compounds, may be adapted in the food sector, as well as the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields [20,21]. The processing of berries results in high amounts of waste materials such as peels and seeds, which, due to their bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties, may be designated as valuable ingredients in food applications [9,22].…”

Epigenetic treatment of dermatologic disorders

“…Nrf2‐activating compounds are becoming staple ingredients in topically applied skin‐conditioning creams and other formulations that mitigate skin damage (Ahmed, ; Ben‐Nun, ; Braidy et al, ; Burke, ; Davinelli, Nielsen, & Scapagnini, ; Gorini et al, ; Huang, Wang, Yang, Chou, & Fang, ; Kocot, Kiełczykowska, Luchowska‐Kocot, Kurzepa, & Musik, ; Kunnumakkara et al, ; Lephart, ; Ríos, Giner, Marín, & Recio, ; Rodríguez‐Luna et al, ; Simitzis, ; Vega et al, , ; Vollmer et al, ; Yang et al, ; Yokota, Yahagi, & Masaki, ), promote skin repair (Bellot et al, ; Davinelli, Nielsen, & Scapagnini, ; Ferreira & Gomes, ; Kim et al, ; Yang et al, ), and enhance diabetic‐associated wound healing (Bellot et al, ; Ben‐Nun, ; Cuadrado et al, ; Ferreira & Gomes, ; Gorini et al, ; Huang et al, ; Kim et al, ; Kocot et al, ; Kunnumakkara et al, ; Panahi et al, ; Ríos et al, ; Sanchez, Lancel, Boulanger, & Neviere, ; Vega et al, ; Vega et al, ; Vollmer et al, ). With respect to the latter, almost a third of the world's population is considered to be overweight or obese (González‐Muniesa et al, ) and the percentage is rising to epidemic proportions (Blaszczak et al, ; Severin, Sabbahi, Mahmoud, Arena, & Phillips, ).…”

“…Nrf2-activating compounds are becoming staple ingredients in topically applied skin-conditioning creams and other formulations that mitigate skin damage (Ahmed, 2019;Ben-Nun, 2018;Braidy et al, 2019;Burke, 2018;Davinelli, Nielsen, & Scapagnini, 2018;Gorini et al, 2019;Huang, Wang, Yang, Chou, & Fang, 2018;Kocot, Kiełczykowska, Luchowska-Kocot, Kurzepa, & Musik, 2018;Kunnumakkara et al, 2017;Lephart, 2018;Ríos, Giner, Marín, & Recio, 2018;Rodríguez-Luna et al, 2018;Simitzis, 2018;Vega et al, 2017Vega et al, , 2018Vollmer et al, 2018;Yokota, Yahagi, & Masaki, 2018), promote skin repair (Bellot et al, 2019;Davinelli, Nielsen, & Scapagnini, 2018;Ferreira & Gomes, 2018;, and enhance diabeticassociated wound healing (Bellot et al, 2019;Ben-Nun, 2018;Cuadrado et al, 2019;Ferreira & Gomes, 2018;Gorini et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2018;Kocot et al, 2018;Kunnumakkara et al, 2017;Panahi et al, 2019;Ríos et al, 2018;Sanchez, Lancel, Boulanger, & Neviere, 2018;Vega et al, 2017;Vega et al, 2018;Vollmer et al, 2018).…”

“…Besides cleansing the skin and making it aesthetically pleasing with shine and luster, the ancient ritual had protective medicinal and therapeutic value in mitigating skin-related injuries brought about in the various competitions of that era (Caramia, Gori, Valli, & Cerretani, 2012;Nomikos, 2010;Nomikos et al, 2010). Antimicrobial and other bioactive components inherent in olive oil (Chiou & Kalogeropoulos, 2017;Das & Satyaprakash, 2018;Gorini et al, 2019;Simitzis, 2018;Wani et al, 2018) may also have protected the injured skin from opportunistic infections such as Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy (Hansen's disease) (Hanumanthayya, Manjunath, Yadav, & Balasubrahmanyam, 2017;Legendre, Muzny, & Swiatlo, 2012;Sari, Widasmara, & Kurniawan, 2018;Tsoucalas, Krasagakis, Pantos, & Karamanou, 2018).…”