Agro-industrial residues as low-price feedstock for diesel-like fuel production by thermal cracking

Abstract

Pyrolysis of industrial fatty wastes (soybean soapstock, beef tallow, and poultry industry waste) was carried out in the absence of catalysts. In all cases, organic mixtures of hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds were obtained. These mixtures were distilled and diesel-like fractions were isolated and characterized by GC-FID, GC-MS and FT-IR, showing the formation of olefins, paraffins, and some oxygenated compounds such as carboxylic acids and esters. The main physical-chemical properties of those isolated diesel-like fuels (density, viscosity, distillation curve, carbon residue, copper corrosion test, cetane index, cold finger plugging point, acid index and heating value) were determined using ASTM standard methods and matched the Brazilian specification for diesel fuel.

Flash pyrolysis of model compounds adsorbed on catalyst surface: A method for screening catalysts for cracking of fatty molecules

“…Thermal pyrolysis of crude triglycerides and fatty residues at 400-500 • C leads to rather complex liquid products and only moderate yields of deoxygenated compounds [5,6]. Generally, distillation separates those compounds in fractions compatible with either the gasoline or diesel fraction [2,[4][5][6][7].…”

Biofuel production by catalytic cracking of sunflower oil using vanadium pentoxide

“…The OLPs were distilled and separated into four major components based on the distillation temperature (DT) intervals of petroleum: DT < 80 • C = light hydrocarbon; 80 • C ≤ gasoline < 140 • C; 140 • C ≤ kerosene < 200 • C; and heavy diesel ≥ 200 • C. The distillation temperature intervals were reported to give hydrocarbon fractions having similar properties with respective petroleum distillates [21,22]. The amount of each Table 1 Organic liquid product (OLP), and gas and coke (g + c) formed (wt.%) at various temperature and catalyst concentration (wt.%).…”

Cracking and hydrocracking of triglycerides for renewable liquid fuels: alternative processes to transesterification

“…Santos et al 24 have used thermal cracking to upgrade agro-industrial residues. They pyrolysed soybean soapstock, beef tallow and poultry industry waste between 350 and 400 ºC in a laboratory-made pyrolyser.…”