Agroclimatic and Phytosanitary Events and Emerging Technologies for Their Identification in Avocado Crops: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Avocado is one of the most commercialized and profitable fruits in the international market. Its cultivation and production are centered in countries characterized by tropical and subtropical climatic conditions, many of them with emerging economies. Moreover, the use of technology is key to agricultural production improvement strategies. Using avocado crop data to forecast the potential impacts of biotic and abiotic factors, combined with smart farming technologies, growers can apply measures during a single production phase to reduce the risks caused by pests and weather variations. Therefore, this paper aims to distinguish the most relevant variables related to agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in avocado crops, their incidence on production and risk management, as well as the emerging technologies used for the identification and analysis of pests and diseases in avocados. A scientific literature search was performed, and the first search found 608 studies, and once the screening process was applied, 37 papers were included in this review. In the results, three research questions were answered that described the pests and diseases with high impact on avocado production, along with the data sources and the principal enabling technologies used in the identification of agroclimatic and phytosanitary events in avocados. Some challenges and trends in the parameterization of the technology in field conditions for data collection are also highlighted.

Innovations in Agriculture for Sustainable Agro-Systems

“…As mentioned above, these technologies, which are often referred to as "digital agriculture" or "precision-smart farming" are the foundation for a new, more productive, and sustainable agriculture. So, the purpose of the mapping exercise presented here was to facilitate a description of the evidence base so that a subset of keywords from the maps of Figures 1-4 could be identified in the following contributed papers [13][14][15].…”

“…In this research, authors monitored UAV technologies such as UAV cameras for patchy creeping perennial weeds in field experiments and concluded that future improvements in UAV-based camera technologies could monitor important weeds in the field and effectively control them. In the third article, Ramirez-Guerrero et al [15] reported that emerging technologies in agriculture such as 4IR technologies could help farmers to detect pests and diseases. Moreover, the author's primary focus was emerging technologies for avocado crops such as data collection techniques and image devices.…”

Sustainable Electricity Production Using Avocado Waste

“…Avocado is produced mainly in Mexico (33%), the Dominican Republic (10.5%), Peru (7.8%), Indonesia (5.7%), and Colombia (5.1%) [29], where investment for planting and harvesting has increased in recent years [30]. In Europe, avocado consumption per capita increased by approximately 180% between 2018 and 2020, projecting these values to a more significant increase by 2025 [31].…”

Core Collection Formation in Guatemalan Wild Avocado Germplasm with Phenotypic and SSR Data

“…Such knowledge facilitates the selection of prioritized genotypes for conservation strategies and the development of new varieties with improved fruit quality and maturation precocity. By leveraging genetic diversity, researchers can optimize avocado cultivation, ensuring sustainable and profitable fruit production [13].…”