Agroclimatic zoning of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso for the production of soybean seeds of early cultivars

Abstract

The objective of this work was to carry out the agroclimatic zoning of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, in order to identify the regions with the best climatic conditions for producing seeds with high quality of early soybean cultivars. For this purpose, the average monthly temperature data from 11 conventional and 34 automated meteorological stations were used. Due to the low number of stations with data temperature available, this variable was estimated using spatial regression equations, having latitude, longitude and altitude as input variables. Regions with high or low climatic risk were defined according to the average temperatures observed in January and February. The following three categories were established: favorable (≤ 24 °C); moderately favorable (24.1 to 25 °C) and slightly favorable (≥ 25.1 °C). For the material confection, map usage, and geographical data compilation, the inverse distance squared weighted interpolation method was applied. The ArcGIS system was employed to compose the thematic map, in which the best areas for producing seeds of early soybean cultivar were marked. Most of the Southeastern, and Western regions of Mato Grosso were considered to be favorable for producing high quality seeds of early soybean cultivars (average temperature ≤ 24 °C).

The Seed–Seedling Transition in Commercial Soybean Cultivars with the Presence of Greenish Seeds in the Sample: A Perspective from Classical Genetic Parameters

“…To date, the maternal trigger for the expression of the greening phenotype in soybean seeds does not consider the relationship between thermal and water variation from a quantitative and independent perspective [4,6,9,10,13]. In general, temperature, because of rain fluctuation, from the R5 stage on, has been considered a very important factor driving the increase in greenish seeds [4].…”

“…Although there are studies that have attempted to determine agroclimatic zoning for soybeans, there is still little information for guiding the choice of variables that should be analyzed when the product in question is seeds, not grains [9,13]. This information needs to be better developed for the soybean crop, since other crops, such as coffee, already have projects promoting production regions for the next 100 years [27].…”

“…The unusually large presence of the greenish seed anomaly was attributed to the phenomenon "La Niña". This and other climatic phenomena associated with global climate change have reinforced the relevance of studies on agroclimatic zoning [12], especially concerning soybeans [9,13]. These studies have been carried out with the purpose of delimiting the regions with the lowest climatic risk to seed production considering altitude, temperature and rainfall, emphasizing the need to understand the genotype-environment interaction regarding the seed-seedling transition.…”