Agroecological management of cucurbit-infesting fruit fly: a review

Abstract

Conventional crop protection with pesticides has limitations such as resistance of pests to pesticides and faunal imbalance. Agroecological crop protection is an attractive alternative based on the principles of agroecology. We present here this strategy using the case of Cucurbitaceae flies, which are the most important agricultural pests in Réunion. Research has been carried out on the bioecology of these insects and on the effectiveness of agroecological techniques. The main points are the following: the number of species of vegetable flies increased in the southern summer. Adult flies spend more than 90 % of their time on nonhost plants, with specific circadian rhythms. Several original agroecological techniques were designed, such as sanitation using augmentoria; trap plants, e.g., maize; adulticide bait; and the creation of habitats for predatory arthropods. Local growers are very satisfied with the results. They have reduced insecticide use with substantial cost savings and they have observed a decrease in losses and a lower phytosanitary workload. The education and training of students, professionals, and the general public has been a major aspect of this project. Increased knowledge of flies and agroecological management strategies of their populations can now be combined with modeling tools to facilitate the extension of the program to other areas or for educational purposes. Practices are currently being extended to other areas of the island and other countries of the Indian Ocean. This project is both a significant milestone for organic farming in Réunion and a precedent for other initiatives aimed at reducing or eliminating pesticides.

Performance of Three Isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae and Their Virulence against Zeugodacus cucurbitae under Different Temperature Regimes, with Global Extrapolation of Their Efficiency

“…Cucurbits are widely cultivated around the world and are among the most important fruits and vegetables consumed in Africa [1]. They are a key source of income for small scale farmers [2] and also very rich in several vitamins and minerals [1]. In Kenya, cucurbits are widely cultivated and among the most consumed commodities [3].…”

Integrated pest management: good intentions, hard realities. A review

“…The first ACP experiences in intensive farming took place between 2000 and 2010 in Reunion on mango, courgette and chayote crops (Deguine et al 2015 and. These experiences brought together members of the agricultural profession and placed producers at the center of the system.…”

Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods, Langkawi, Malaysia, September 11-15, 2017

“…To replace this conventional agrochemical protection, an agroecological crop protection experience, based on conservation biological control (Deguine et al, 2017), was initiated in Réunion Island in mango orchards in 2010. After two years of co-design with a large number of agricultural stakeholders, a Research and Development project, Biophyto, tested agroecological crop protection principles between 2012 and 2014 in a network of 12 pilot orchards.…”