Agronomic Performance, Capsaicinoids, Polyphenols and Antioxidant Capacity in Genotypes of Habanero Pepper Grown in the Southeast of Coahuila, Mexico

Abstract

The genetic improvement program of the Seed Technology Training and Development Center works on the agronomic characterization and the content of bioactive compounds in eight genotypes of habanero pepper. The objective is to select genotypes with good agronomic performance that allow the generation of inbred lines to obtain hybrids. In this study, the agronomic performance and the content of bioactive compounds (capsaicinoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant capacity) were evaluated in eight genotypes of habanero pepper grown in the southeast of Coahuila, Mexico, identified as HNC-1, HNC-2, HNC-3, HNC-4, HNC-5, HNC-6, HNC-7, and HCC-8. The plants were grown in a greenhouse for 127 days, under a completely randomized design with four replications each. The results revealed that the yield (g∙plant−1) and number of fruits per plant did not show significant differences between genotypes. However, for the fruit length, the genotypes HCC-8, HNC-7, HNC-6, and HNC-5 stood out with over 40 mm, while in equatorial diameter of the fruit, HCC-8, HNC-4, and HNC-2 stood out with 26.45, 26.46, and 25.12 mm, respectively. The results of the chemical analyses allowed us to identify that HNC-5 and HNC-6 had the highest capsaicin concentration (931.38 and 959.77 mg∙kg−1), dihydrocapsaicin (434.95 and 445.89 mg∙kg−1), Scoville Heat Units greater than 210,000, total phenols (67.54 and 71.15 mg/100 g) and total flavonoids (34.21 and 38.29 mg/100 g), respectively. The HNC-1 and HNC-6 genotypes had the highest carotenoids concentration with 103.96 and 105.07 mg/100 g, and HCC-8 registered the highest anthocyanin content with 22.08 mg C3GE/100 g. The antioxidant capacities showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between genotypes, with a range of 43.22 to 110.39 µmol TE/100 g, 72.37 to 186.56 µmol TE/100 g, and 191.41 to 244.98 µmol TE/100 g for the tests of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2′azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power). The results of this research will be used to select habanero pepper genotypes that can be used in genetic improvement programs to increase the productive potential and the content of bioactive compounds in the fruits to expand their applications in the food industry.

Agronomic response of two experimental varieties of habanero chili in the application of band vermicomposting

“…According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA p0.05), significant statistical differences were found between varieties (Table 2). The variety HCC-8 presented plants of larger size in their final height (90.47 cm) compared to HNC-6 (65 cm); this is below the results found by Tapia [11] who reported an average height of 137 cm, although above those reported by Camposeco [12] in chocolate habanero peppers, both studies with exclusive mineral fertilization; therefore, it is inferred that the environmental conditions of the crop and the type of fertilization influence the agronomic behavior of the varieties. In the varieties yield in grams harvested per plant (GPP), number of fruits per plant (NFP) and yield calculated in tons per hectare (t ha 1 ), significant differences were found varieties, with the variety HNC-6 being superior to HCC-8 in average fruit weight, while there was no significance in stem diameter.…”

COMPORTAMIENTO AGRONÓMICO Y RENTABILIDAD DE HÍBRIDOS DE Capsicum annuum L. CV. ANCHO SAN LUIS CULTIVADOS EN CAMPO ABIERTO EN PERÚ

“…Cruz et al ( 2019) encontraron que el desarrollo de la planta y número de frutos fueron afectados por el distanciamiento entre plantas, donde a mayor distanciamiento se encontró un mayor cuajado, en comparación de menor distanciamiento entre plantas donde hubo competencia y formación de microclimas que provocó caída de frutos cuajados. Pese a que Camposeco-Montejo et al (2021) no encontraron diferencias significativas en el rendimiento de ocho híbridos de chile habanero (C. chinense L.), Ortega et al (2022) refirieron que el tamaño, peso de fruto y rendimiento varió significativamente entre tres híbridos de C. annuum (E20L.30100, Tandara y Macantro). Por su parte, Rodrigues et al (2007) reportaron tamaños de frutos entre 10,2 a 11,9 cm de largo y 4,8 a 5,6 cm de ancho para cinco híbridos de C. annuum con diferencias significativas entre ellos.…”

Grain yield, nutritional, polyphenols and antioxidant capacity in accessions of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

“…The antioxidant capacity tests for ABTS (2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) were performed according to Camposeco-Montejo et al (2021). The results were reported in micromoles of Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) equivalent per one hundred grams of sample (µmol TE/100 g), taking as reference the calibration curve of Trolox (0 to 500 µmol/L).…”