Agronomic Performance of Sorghum and Groundnut Cultivars in Sole and Intercrop Cultivation under Semiarid Conditions

Tefera, Tadele; Tana, Tamado

doi:10.1046/j.1439-037x.2002.00553.x

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is supported by the finding that in intercropping studies which involve different cultivars of the same crop, a significant genotype by cropping system interaction occurs, demonstrating that intercropping systems favour more genotypes that perform poorly as sole crops rather than the highly performing when grown alone (Davis et al 1984;Tsay et al 1988;Santalla et al 2001;Tefera and Tana 2002;Hauggaard-Nielsen and Jenssen 2001;Atuahene-Amankwa et al 2004;O'Leary and Smith 2004;Gebeyehu et al 2006).…”

Section: Stand Uniformity and Productivitymentioning

confidence: 82%

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Fasoula

Tokatlidis

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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The ability of agriculture to adapt to environmental changes and to address main issues of food quality and environment protection is a fundamental factor in achieving sustainability. Low yield capacity of contemporary sustainable farming systems, however, is a major obstacle to future growth of sustainable agriculture. In addition, increasing pressure is placed for higher food supply due to the projected population increase. To overcome these barriers and stimulate the wide adoption of sustainable agriculture, ample supply of cultivars that satisfy the requirements for sustainability without compromising productivity is essential. Otherwise, the viability of sustainable agriculture is unsound. Moreover, plant breeding has to be a non-stop process supporting agriculture because of the ongoing climate changes. The studies of the effects of competition on crop yield and selection efficiency unravelled important findings for plant breeders. Firstly, the uppermost cultivar type is the mono-genotypic and particularly the highest evolutionary grade of 'pure line'. Secondly, single plant selection is effective only when it is realized in the absence of competition for growth resources. Honeycomb methodology, by considering as a major principle the application of selection in the absence of competition, counteracts the disturbing effects of competition on selection effectiveness. Furthermore, the honeycomb experimental designs cope with the confounding implications of soil heterogeneity. These two findings help breeders to consider the individual plant as an evaluating and selection unit. As a consequence, the development of pure line cultivars that fully meet the needs of a sustainable agriculture is possible. Most importantly, honeycomb breeding exploits effectively not only favourable but marginal environments as well through the development of density-neutral cultivars. Marginal environments are exploited optimally when lower plant populations are used. It is of essence to realize that without the ability of exploiting successfully marginal environments which represent the majority of the production environments globally, sustainability in agriculture becomes problematic.

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Section: Stand Uniformity and Productivitymentioning

confidence: 82%

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Fasoula

Tokatlidis

2011

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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“…Around Babile and Gursum districts, the common local groundnut varieties were "Oldhale", "Sartu", and "Jawsi" (Data from Agricultural and Rural Develop-ment Bureaus of the distritcs). Another similar study re-ported that predominant groundnut local variety (Oldhale) was commonly produced by farmers around Babile district (Tefera and Tana, 2002). The shape and leaf size of these three varieties were different from each other.…”

Section: Description Of Local Groundnut Varieties Around Selected Areasmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Abdela (2009) also reported contamination of groundnut samples from Sudan by A. niger and A. flavus, which were isolated at frequencies of 29-60% for A. niger and 4-52% for A. flavus. Fusarium oxysporum, A. niger, R. bataticola and S. rolfisii were the predominant species of fungi associated with diseased plants indicating the involvement of these fungi in pre-and post-emergence death of groundnut plants in Babile district (Tefera and Tana, 2002). …”

Section: Frequency Of Kernel Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed¹,

Chala²

2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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The production of groundnut is constrained by several factors, among which is Aspergillus spp. In addition to causing quantitative losses, Aspergillus spp. produce highly toxic and carcinogenic chemical substances known as aflatoxins. This study was conducted with the objectives to (i) identify Aspergillus species associated with groundnuts, (ii) determine the frequency of seed contamination, and (iii) survey agro-ecological conditions related to groundnut contamination by Aspergillus spp. About 270 groundnut samples were collected from farmers' storage, fields and local markets of three districts that is, Babile, Darolabu and Gursum of Eastern Ethiopia for mycological analysis in the year 2010. Results of the mycological analysis suggested heavy infestation of groundnut samples by various molds including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus parasiticus and Pencillium species. At the district level, the incidence of infected groundnut kernels ranged from 50 to 80%. Within the district kernel infection varied between 36.3 and 100%. The common Aspergillus symptoms (yellowing or chlorotic leaves, wilting, drying and brown or black mass covered by yellow or greenish spores) were also observed in groundnut fields. The current results were consistent with our earlier report of heavy aflatoxin contamination of groundnut from the same places, suggesting the urgent need to apply control measures against toxigenic fungi and associated mycotoxins.

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“…The common local groundnut varies in Eastern Ethiopia are "Oldhale", "Sartu" and "Jawsi" (Tefera & Tana 2002;. Eighty five per cent of the farmers have awareness of mould fungi associated with groundnuts; despite they did not properly manage the crops.…”

Section: Aflatoxin In Groundnut Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillusand aflatoxin in groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) and groundnut cake in Eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed

Chala

Dejene

et al. 2016

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B

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This study was conducted to assess major Aspergillus species and aflatoxins associated with groundnut seeds and cake in Eastern Ethiopia and evaluate growers' management practices. A total of 160 groundnut seed samples from farmers' stores and 50 groundnut cake samples from cafe and restaurants were collected. Fungal isolation was done from groundnut seed samples. Aspergillus flavus was the dominant species followed by Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxin analyses of groundnut seed samples were performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography; 22.5% and 41.3% of samples were positive, with total aflatoxin concentrations of 786 and 3135 ng g , while as high as 158 ng g −1 aflatoxin B 1 was recorded. The study confirms high contamination of groundnut products in East Ethiopia. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Agronomic Performance of Sorghum and Groundnut Cultivars in Sole and Intercrop Cultivation under Semiarid Conditions

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Development of crop cultivars by honeycomb breeding

Incidence of Aspergillus contamination of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Aspergillusand aflatoxin in groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) and groundnut cake in Eastern Ethiopia

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