Agronomic Practices Influence Maize Grain Quality

Mason, Stephen; D'Croz-Mason, Nora E.

doi:10.1300/j144v05n01_04

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Production factors that increase corn grain yield also increase starch concentration, while reducing the protein concentration of grain 41. In addition to the dilution effect caused by increased grain yield, the negative relationship between grain protein concentration and grain yield is partly associated with the higher glucose use for the synthesis of protein over that of carbohydrates 42…”

Section: Effects Of Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops

2007

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Crops, as the basic source of essential substances and nutrients, do not always contain sufficient amounts of these essential nutrients to meet dietary requirements. In this review paper, we discussed the effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on the nutritional quality of cereal, oilseed and protein crops, tuber plants and vegetables. Research indicates that application of N, P, K and S fertilizers generally increases crop yield as well as nutritional quality. For example, fertilizer increased protein concentration in cereals and pulses, oil concentration in oilseed crops, starch concentration in tubers, and concentration of essential amino acids and vitamins in vegetables. However, excessive fertilizer application, especially N fertilizer, can result in undesirable changes such as increases in nitrate, titratable acidity and acid to sugar ratio, while decreasing the concentration of vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble solids, and Mg and Ca in some crops. Other agronomic measures, such as tillage and crop rotation, organic farming, soil moisture management, and crop breeding and genetic engineering can also have a large effect on food crop quality, though the potential benefits of these measures for improving crop quality has not been fully exploited. Research literature on this subject suggests that more information is needed in order to achieve an increase in the concentration of essential microelements, prevent accumulation of toxic levels of elements such as Cu, Mo, Zn, Ni, Se and nitrate, and other dangerous or toxic substances and elements in crops.

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Section: Effects Of Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops

2007

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“…Generally, large uniform kernel size is commonly desired for dry milling, wet milling, alkaline cooked products, and livestock feed when processed by rolling or cracking (Mason and D'Croz-Mason, 2002, and references cited therein). Generally, large uniform kernel size is commonly desired for dry milling, wet milling, alkaline cooked products, and livestock feed when processed by rolling or cracking (Mason and D'Croz-Mason, 2002, and references cited therein).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, large uniform kernel size is commonly desired for dry milling, wet milling, alkaline cooked products, and livestock feed when processed by rolling or cracking (Mason and D'Croz-Mason, 2002, and references cited therein). Knowing the size distribution of kernels can also be important for engineers in optimizing the operational performance of millers (Mason and D'Croz-Mason, 2002). For example, according to trading requirements, Argentine orange-flint maize should have, among other things, a LK proportion ³50%, and a SK proportion £3% to achieve the maximum milling quality (Cirilo et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kernel Hardness‐Related Traits in Response to Heat Stress during the Grain‐Filling Period of Maize Crops

2019

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Postflowering heat stress causes the arrest of kernel growth, increasing kernel protein concentration and the relative abundance of γ‐zeins, two biochemical traits contributing to maize (Zea mays L.) hardness. The impact of early and late postflowering heat stress on kernel physical traits related to hardness was studied on field‐grown maize hybrids differing in their prevailing endosperm texture (two hybrids with a vitreous texture, and two others with a floury texture). Kernel texture was softened by heat stress (P < 0.001), as indicated by decreases in traits that are usually positively related to hardness (thousand‐kernel weight [up to 185 g], proportion of large kernels [up to 50–65 percentage points], kernel or bulk density [up to 7 kg hL−1] and milling ratio [up to 1 g g−1]) and increases in those usually negatively related (proportion of the smaller kernels and floater percentage [up to 30 and 75 percentage points, respectively]). Most of these effects were larger (P < 0.01), as heat stress occurred earlier in the grain‐filling period. Kernel physical traits of the genotypes with a predominantly floury texture varied the most (P < 0.05) in response to heat stress. Genotypic and environmental variation effects in most hardness‐related traits could be accounted for by kernel density (r2 = 0.74–0.87) or bulk density (r2 = 0.79–0.93). Sowing date and genotype selections should be considered as crop management practices for reducing or preventing the potential impact of heat stress on maize hardness.

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“…There is a need to adapt conservation agricultural practices to different types of farmers, including those producing maize as a vegetable crop. Furthermore, there is evidence that agronomic practices influence maize grain quality, especially protein concentration and the amino acid balance (Xu 2001;Mason & D'Croz-Mason 2002), and more research is needed on the impact of agronomic practices on the key quality characteristics of vegetable maize.…”

Section: Improved Land Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Value Agricultural Products and Poverty Reduction: Smallholder Farmer Access to Maize Markets

Hellin¹,

Dixon

Higman³

et al. 2011

Journal of Crop Improvement

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Staple commodities can be turned into high-value agricultural products (HVAPs) through a process of product differentiation.Using three high-value maize products as examples-sweet corn (Zea mays L.), baby corn, and green maize-this article illustrates the growing importance of maize as a vegetable crop. It highlights the challenges that need to be overcome to fulfill the potential pro-poor impact of the growing demand for high-value maize products. Smallholder farmers' access to high-value markets is often stymied by their having to meet strict phytosanitary standards and private food safety standards. Successful farmer access to HVAP markets depends on how the value chains are structured, the relationship between chain actors, and the judicious mix of public and private provision of business development services. The failure of perception of maize's multiple products and lack of recognition of the transaction costs that farmers face in accessing maize high-value markets have important implications for crop improvement, the seed industry, and policy if maize and other agricultural crops are to contribute more to poverty reduction and farmers' livelihood security.

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Agronomic Practices Influence Maize Grain Quality

Cited by 49 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops

Effects of fertilization and other agronomic measures on nutritional quality of crops

Kernel Hardness‐Related Traits in Response to Heat Stress during the Grain‐Filling Period of Maize Crops

High-Value Agricultural Products and Poverty Reduction: Smallholder Farmer Access to Maize Markets

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